"Broadway Theater" redirects here. For the individual theatre of this name see The Broadway Theatre. For other uses of "Broadway" see Broadway (disambiguation). The Lion King at the New Amsterdam Theatre 2003

Broadway theatre1 commonly called simply Broadway refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 large professional theatres with 500 seats or more located in the Theatre District and in Lincoln Center in Manhattan in New York City.2 Along with London's West End theatre Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.

The Broadway theatre district is a popular tourist attraction in New York. According to The Broadway League Broadway shows sold approximately $1.037 billion worth of tickets in calendar year 2010 compared to $1.004 billion for 2009.3 Contents 1 18th and 19th centuries 1.1 Early theatre in New York 1.2 Birth of the musical and post-Civil War 2 1890s and later 3 Broadway today 3.1 Schedule 3.2 Personnel 3.3 Producers and theatre owners 3.4 Runs 3.5 Audience 3.6 Off-Broadway and US tours 3.7 Awards 3.8 List of Broadway theatres 3.8.1 Upcoming productions 4 References 5 External links 18th and 19th centuries Interior of the Park Theatre built in 1798 Early theatre in New York

New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750 when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street which held about 280 people. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggar's Opera.4 In 1752 William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice and The Anatomist. The company moved to New York in the summer of 1753 performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798 the year the 2000-seat Park Theatre was built on Chatham Street (now called Park Row).4 The Bowery Theatre opened in 18265 followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows a distinctly American form of entertainment became popular in the 1830s and especially so with the arrival of the Virginia Minstrels in the 1840s.6

By the 1840s P.T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829 at Broadway and Prince Street Niblo's Garden opened and soon became one of New York's premiere nightspots. The 3000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. The Astor Place Theatre opened in 1847. A riot broke out in 1849 when the lower-class patrons of the Bowery objected to what they perceived as snobbery by the upper class audiences at Astor Place: "After the Astor Place Riot of 1849 entertainment in New York City was divided along class lines: opera was chiefly for the upper middle and upper classes minstrel shows and melodramas for the middle class variety shows in concert saloons for men of the working class and the slumming middle class.7

The plays of William Shakespeare were frequently performed on the Broadway stage during the period most notably by American actor Edwin Booth who was internationally known for his performance as Hamlet. Booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865 (with the run ending just a few months before Booth's brother John Wilkes Booth assassinated Abraham Lincoln) and would later revive the role at his own Booth's Theatre (which was managed for a time by his brother Junius Brutus Booth Jr.). Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving Tommaso Salvini Fanny Davenport and Charles Fechter. 1868 programme for Ixion

Lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompson's troupe called the "British Blondes" was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 18681869 theatrical season. "The eccentricities of pantomime and burlesque with their curious combination of comedy parody satire improvisation song and dance variety acts cross-dressing extravagant stage effects risqu jokes and saucy costumes while familiar enough to British audiences took New York by storm."8 The six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years.9 Birth of the musical and post-Civil War

Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850 seeking less expensive real estate prices. In 1870 the heart of Broadway was in Union Square and by the end of the century many theatres were near Madison Square. Theatres did not arrive in the Times Square area until the early 1900s and the Broadway theatres did not consolidate there until a large number of theatres were built around the square in the 1920s and 1930s. Broadway's first "long-run" musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857. New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London10 but Laura Keene's "musical burletta" Seven Sisters (1860) shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keene's troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington D.C. that Abraham Lincoln was shot. The Black Crook (1866) considered by some historians to be the first musical11

The first theatre piece that conforms to the modern conception of a musical adding dance and original music that helped to tell the story is considered to be The Black Crook which premiered in New York on September 12 1866. The production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long but despite its length it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year The Black Domino/Between You Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a "musical comedy."11

Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881 where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 (The Mulligan Guard Picnic) and 1885 with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. These musical comedies featured characters and situations taken from the everyday life of New York's lower classes and represented a significant step forward from vaudeville and burlesque towards a more literate form. They starred high quality singers (Lillian Russell Vivienne Segal and Fay Templeton) instead of the women of questionable repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. As transportation improved poverty in New York diminished and street lighting made for safer travel at night the number of potential patrons for the growing number of theatres increased enormously. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences leading to better profits and improved production values. As in England during the latter half of the century the theatre began to be cleaned up with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women. Gilbert and Sullivan's family-friendly comic opera hits beginning with H.M.S. Pinafore in 1878 were imported to New York (by the authors and also in numerous pirated productions). They were imitated in New York by American productions such as Reginald Dekoven's Robin Hood (1891) and John Philip Sousa's El Capitan (1896) along with operas ballets and other British and European hits. 1890s and later Sheet music to "Give My Regards" Charles Hoyt's A Trip to Chinatown (1891) became Broadway's long-run champion holding the stage for 657 performances. This would not be surpassed until Irene in 1919. In 1896 theatre owners Marc Klaw and A. L. Erlanger formed the Theatrical Syndicate which controlled almost every legitimate theatre in the U.S. for the next sixteen years.12 However smaller vaudeville and variety houses proliferated and Off-Broadway was well established by the end of the 19th century. A Trip to Coontown (1898) was the first musical comedy entirely produced and performed by African Americans in a Broadway theatre (largely inspired by the routines of the minstrel shows) followed by the ragtime-tinged Clorindy the Origin of the Cakewalk (1898) and the highly successful In Dahomey (1902). Hundreds of musical comedies were staged on Broadway in the 1890s and early 1900s made up of songs written in New York's Tin Pan Alley involving composers such as Gus Edwards John Walter Bratton and George M. Cohan (Little Johnny Jones (1904) 45 Minutes From Broadway (1906) and George Washington Jr. (1906)). Still New York runs continued to be relatively short with a few exceptions compared with London runs until World War I.13 A few very successful British musicals continued to achieve great success in New York including Florodora in 190001. Victor Herbert In the early years of the 20th century translations of popular late-19th century continental operettas were joined by the "Princess Theatre" shows of the 1910s by writers such as P. G. Wodehouse Guy Bolton and Harry B. Smith. Victor Herbert whose work included some intimate musical plays with modern settings as well as his string of famous operettas (The Fortune Teller (1898) Babes in Toyland (1903) Mlle. Modiste (1905) The Red Mill (1906) and Naughty Marietta (1910)).14 Beginning with The Red Mill Broadway shows installed electric signs outside the theatres. Since colored bulbs burned out too quickly white lights were used and Broadway was nicknamed "The Great White Way." In August 1919 the Actors Equity Association demanded a standard contract for all professional productions. After a strike shut down all the theatres the producers were forced to agree. By the 1920s the Shubert Brothers had risen to take over the majority of the theatres from the Erlanger syndicate.15 The Winter Garden Maxine Elliott's Casino and Knickerbocker Theatres on Broadway in 1920. The motion picture mounted a challenge to the stage. At first films were silent and presented only limited competition. Nevertheless by the end of the 1920s films like The Jazz Singer could be presented with synchronized sound and critics wondered if the cinema would replace live theatre altogether. The musicals of the Roaring Twenties borrowing from vaudeville music hall and other light entertainments tended to ignore plot in favor of emphasizing star actors and actresses big dance routines and popular songs. Florenz Ziegfeld produced annual spectacular song-and-dance revues on Broadway featuring extravagant sets and elaborate costumes but there was little to tie the various numbers together. Typical of the 1920s were lighthearted productions like Sally; Lady Be Good; Sunny; No No Nanette; Oh Kay!; and Funny Face. Their books may have been forgettable but they produced enduring standards from George Gershwin Cole Porter Jerome Kern Vincent Youmans and Rodgers and Hart among others and Noel Coward Sigmund Romberg and Rudolf Friml continued in the vein of Victor Herbert. Clearly the live theatre survived the invention of cinema. Leaving these comparatively frivolous entertainments behind and taking the drama a giant step forward Show Boat premiered on December 27 1927 at the Ziegfeld Theatre representing a complete integration of book and score with dramatic themes as told through the music dialogue setting and movement woven together more seamlessly than in previous musicals. It ran for 572 performances. After the lean years of the Great Depression Broadway theatre entered a golden age with the blockbuster hit Oklahoma! in 1943 which ran for 2212 performances. Hit after hit followed on Broadway and the Broadway theatre attained the highest level of international prestige in theatre. The 1920s also spawned a new age of American playwright with the emergence of Eugene O'Neill whose plays Beyond the Horizon Anna Christie The Hairy Ape Strange Interlude and Mourning Becomes Electra proved that there was an audience for serious drama on Broadway and O'Neill's success paved the way for major dramatists like Elmer Rice Maxwell Anderson Robert E. Sherwood Tennessee Williams and Arthur Miller as well as writers of comedy like George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart. Classical revivals also proved popular with Broadway theatre-goers notably John Barrymore in Hamlet and Richard III John Gielgud in Hamlet The Importance of Being Earnest and Much Ado About Nothing Walter Hampden and Jose Ferrer in Cyrano de Bergerac Paul Robeson and Ferrer in Othello Maurice Evans in Richard II and the plays of George Bernard Shaw and Katharine Cornell in such plays as Romeo and Juliet Antony and Cleopatra and Candida The Tony Awards were established in 1947 to recognize achievement in live American theatre especially Broadway theatre. Broadway today Schedule Although there are now more exceptions than previously generally shows with open-ended runs have evening performances Tuesday through Saturday with a 7pm or 8pm "curtain" and afternoon "matine" performances on Wednesday Saturday and Sunday at 2pm on Wednesdays and Saturdays and 3pm on Sundays making an eight performance week. On this schedule shows do not play on Monday and the shows and theatres are said to be "dark" on that day.1617 Actors and the crew in these shows tend to regard Sunday evening through Tuesday evening as their "weekend". The Tony award presentation ceremony is usually held on a Sunday evening in June to fit into this schedule. In recent years some shows have moved their Tuesday show time an hour earlier to 7 pm.16 The rationale for the move was that fewer tourists took in shows midweek so the Tuesday attendance in particular depends on local audience members. The earlier curtain therefore allows suburban patrons time after a show to get home by a reasonable hour. Some shows especially those produced by Disney change their performance schedules fairly frequently depending on the season in order to maximize access to their targeted audience. Personnel Both musicals and stage plays on Broadway often rely on casting well-known performers in leading roles to draw larger audiences or bring in new audience members to the theatre. Actors from movies and television are frequently cast for the revivals of Broadway shows or are used to replace actors leaving a cast. There are still however performers who are primarily stage actors spending most of their time "on the boards" and appearing in television and in screen roles only secondarily. As Patrick Healy of the New York Times noted "Broadway once had many homegrown stars who committed to working on a show for a year as Nathan Lane has for The Addams Family. In 2010 some theater heavyweights like Mr. Lane were not even nominated; instead several Tony Awards were given for productions that were always intended to be short-timers on Broadway given that many of their film-star performers had to move on to other commitments."18 According to an article by Mark Shenton "One of the biggest changes to the commercial theatrical landscape on both sides of the Atlantic over the past decade or so is that sightings of big star names turning out to do plays has gone up; but the runs they are prepared to commit to has gone down. Time was that a producer would require a minimum commitment from his star of six months and perhaps a year; now the 13-week run is the norm."19 The minimum size of the Broadway orchestra is governed by an agreement with the musicians union (Local 802 American Federation of Musicians) and the League of American Theatres and Producers. For example the agreement specifies the minimum size of the orchestra at the Minskoff Theatre to be 18 at the Music Box Theatre to be 9.20 Producers and theatre owners Most Broadway producers and theatre owners are members of The Broadway League (formerly "The League of American Theatres and Producers") a trade organization that promotes Broadway theatre as a whole negotiates contracts with the various theatrical unions and agreements with the guilds and co-administers the Tony Awards with the American Theatre Wing a service organization. While the League and the theatrical unions are sometimes at loggerheads during those periods when new contracts are being negotiated they also cooperate on many projects and events designed to promote professional theatre in New York. The three non-profit theatre companies with Broadway theatres ("houses") belong to the League of Resident Theatres and have contracts with the theatrical unions which are negotiated separately from the other Broadway theatre and producers. (Disney also negotiates apart from the League as did Livent before it closed down its operations.) However generally shows that play in any of the Broadway houses are eligible for Tony Awards (see below). The majority of Broadway theatres are owned or managed by three organizations: the Shubert Organization a for-profit arm of the non-profit Shubert Foundation which owns seventeen theatres (it recently retained full ownership of the Music Box from the Irving Berlin Estate); The Nederlander Organization which controls nine theatres; and Jujamcyn which owns five Broadway houses. Runs See also: List of the longest-running Broadway shows Most Broadway shows are commercial productions intended to make a profit for the producers and investors ("backers" or "angels") and therefore have open-ended runs (duration that the production plays) meaning that the length of their presentation is not set beforehand but depends on critical response word of mouth and the effectiveness of the show's advertising all of which determine ticket sales. Investing in a commercial production carries a varied degree of financial risk. Shows do not necessarily have to make a profit immediately. If they are making their "nut" (weekly operating expenses) or are losing money at a rate which the producers consider acceptable they may continue to run in the expectation that eventually they will pay back their initial costs and become profitable. In some borderline situations producers may ask that royalties be temporarily reduced or waived or even that performers  with the permission of their unions  take reduced salaries in order to prevent a show from closing. Theatre owners who are not generally profit participants in most productions may waive or reduce rents or even lend a show money in order to keep it running. (In one case a theatre owner lent a floundering show money to stay open even though the production had to move to another owner's theatre because of a previous booking at the original house.)when Some Broadway shows are produced by non-commercial organizations as part of a regular subscription seasonLincoln Center Theatre Roundabout Theatre Company and Manhattan Theatre Club are the three non-profit theatre companies that currently have permanent Broadway venues. Some other productions are produced on Broadway with "limited engagement runs" for a number of reasons including financial issues prior engagements of the performers or temporary availability of a theatre between the end of one production and the beginning of another. However some shows with planned limited engagement runs may after critical acclaim or box office success extend their engagements or convert to open-ended runs. This was the case with 2007's August: Osage County and 2009's God of Carnage. Historically musicals on Broadway tend to have longer runs than "straight" (i.e. non-musical) plays. On January 9 2006 The Phantom of the Opera at the Majestic Theatre became the longest running Broadway musical with 7486 performances overtaking Cats.21 Audience Attending a Broadway show is a common tourist activity in New York. The TKTS booths sell same-day tickets (and in certain cases next-day matinee tickets) for many Broadway and Off-Broadway shows at a discount of 25% 35% or 50%. (The TKTS booths are located in Duffy Square in Times Square in Lower Manhattan and in Brooklyn. This service run by Theatre Development Fund makes seeing a show in New York more affordable. Many Broadway theatres also offer special student rates same-day "rush" or "lottery" tickets or standing-room tickets to help ensure that their theatres are as full and their "grosses" as high as possible.22 Total Broadway attendance was 12.11 million in calendar year 2010 compared to 11.88 million in 2009.3 By way of comparison London's West End theatre reported total attendance of 14.3 million for major commercial and grant-aided theatres in central London for 2009.23 Off-Broadway and US tours The classification of theatres is governed by language in Actors' Equity Association contracts. To be eligible for a Tony a production must be in a house with 500 seats or more and in the Theatre District which criteria define Broadway theatre. Off Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway shows often provide a more experimental challenging and intimate performance than is possible in the larger Broadway theatres. Some Broadway shows however such as the musicals Hair Little Shop of Horrors Spring Awakening Next to Normal Rent Avenue Q and In the Heights began their runs Off Broadway and later transferred onto Broadway seeking to replicate their intimate experience in a larger theatre. After (or even during) successful runs in Broadway theatres producers often remount their productions with a new cast and crew for the Broadway national tour which travels to theatre in major cities across the countrythe bigger and more successful shows may have several of these touring companies out at a time some of them "sitting down" in other cities for their own long runs. Smaller cities are eventually serviced by "bus and truck" tours so-called because the cast generally travels by bus (instead of by air) and the sets and equipment by truck. Tours of this type which frequently feature a reduced physical production to accommodate smaller venues and tighter schedules often play "split weeks" (half a week in one town and the second half in another) or "one-nighters" whereas the larger tours will generally play for one or two days per city at a minimum. The Touring Broadway Awards presented by The Broadway League honor excellence in touring Broadway. Awards Broadway productions and artists are honored by the annual Antoinette Perry Awards (commonly called the "Tony Awards or "Tony") which are awarded by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League beginning in 1947.24 The Tony is Broadway's most prestigious award even compared to the Academy Awards for Hollywood productions. Their importance has increased since the annual broadcast on television began. In a strategy to improve the television ratings celebrities are often chosen to host the show like Rosie O'Donnell some with little or no connection to the theatre.25 The next Tony awards will be held on June 12 2011. Other awards given to Broadway productions include the Drama Desk Award presented since 1955 and the New York Drama Critics' Circle awards first given in 1936. List of Broadway theatres If no show is currently running the play listed is the next show planned (dates marked with an *). If the next show planned is not announced the applicable columns are left blank. Capacity is based on the capacity given for the respective theatre at the Internet Broadway Database.26 Theatre Current show Address Capacity Opening date Closing date Ambassador Theatre Chicago West 49th Street (#219) 1120 1996-11-14November 14 1996 Open-ended American Airlines Theatre The Importance of Being Earnest27 West 42nd Street (#229) 740 2011-01-13January 13 2011 2011-06-26June 26 2011 Brooks Atkinson Theatre RAIN A Tribute to The Beatles West 47th Street (#256) 1109 2010-10-19October 19 2010 Open-ended Ethel Barrymore Theatre Arcadia28 West 47th Street (#243) 1095 2011-03-17March 17 2011 2011-06-19June 19 2011 Vivian Beaumont Theatre (at Lincoln Center) War Horse West 65th Street (#150) 1105 2011-04-14April 14 2011 Open-ended 29 Belasco Theatre Fat Pig West 44th Street (#111) 1040 20112012 season30 Booth Theatre West 45th Street (#222) 806 Broadhurst Theatre Baby It's You31 West 44th Street (#235) 1218 2011-04-27 April 27 2011 Open-ended The Broadway Theatre Sister Act: The Musical Broadway (#1681-@52nd) 1761 2011-04-20 April 20 2011 Open-ended Circle in the Square Theatre Godspell West 50th Street (#235) 776 2011-11-07* November 7 2011* Open-ended Cort Theatre Born Yesterday32 West 48th Street (#138) 1102 2011-04-24April 24 2011 2011-07-31July 31 2011 Foxwoods Theatre Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark West 42nd Street (#213) 1829 2011-06-14 June 14 2011* Open-ended Samuel J. Friedman Theatre Master Class West 47th Street (#261) 650 2011-07-07July 7 2011* 2011-08-14August 14 2011 Gershwin Theatre Wicked West 51st Street (#222) 1933 2003-10-30October 30 2003 Open-ended John Golden Theatre The Normal Heart West 45th Street (#252) 805 2011-04-27 April 27 2011 2011-07-10July 10 2011 Helen Hayes Theatre Rock of Ages West 44th Street (#240) 597 2009-04-07April 7 2009 Open-ended Al Hirschfeld Theatre How to Succeed in Business without Really Trying33 West 45th Street (#302) 1437 2011-03-27 March 27 2011 Open-ended Imperial Theatre Billy Elliot the Musical West 45th Street (#249) 1435 2008-11-13November 13 2008 Open-ended Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre The Mountaintop West 45th Street (#242) 1101 2011-10-14October 14 2011* 2012-01-15 January 15 2012 Walter Kerr Theatre The House of Blue Leaves34 West 48th Street (#219) 947 2011-04-25April 25 2011 2011-07-23July 23 2011 Longacre Theatre West 48th Street (#220) 1096 Lunt-Fontanne Theatre The Addams Family West 46th Street (#205) 1509 2010-04-08April 8 2010 Open-ended Lyceum Theatre John Leguizamo's Ghetto Klown35 West 45th Street (#149) 943 2011-03-22March 22 2011 2011-07-10July 10 2011 Majestic Theatre The Phantom of the Opera West 44th Street (#247) 1609 1988-01-26January 26 1988 Open-ended Marquis Theatre Broadway (#1535-@45th) 1615 Minskoff Theatre The Lion King West 45th Street (#200) 1710 1997-11-13November 13 1997 Open-ended Music Box Theatre Jerusalem West 45th Street (#239) 1025 2011-04-21April 21 2011 2011-08-21August 21 2011 Nederlander Theatre West 41st Street (#208) 1232 New Amsterdam Theatre Mary Poppins West 42nd Street (#214) 1801 2006-11-16November 16 2006 Open-ended Eugene O'Neill Theatre Book of Mormon36 West 49th Street (#230) 1108 2011-03-24 March 24 2011 Open-ended Palace Theatre Priscilla Queen of the Desert Broadway (#1564-@46th) 1743 2011-03-20 March 20 2011 Open-ended Richard Rodgers Theatre Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo37 West 46th Street (#226) 1380 2011-03-31March 31 2011 2011-07-03July 3 201138 Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre The Motherfucker With the Hat39 West 45th Street (#236) 1093 2011-04-11April 11 2011 2011-07-17July 17 2011 Shubert Theatre Memphis West 44th Street (#225) 1468 2009-10-19October 19 2009 Open-ended Neil Simon Theatre Catch Me If You Can40 West 52nd Street (#250) 1428 2011-04-10April 10 2011 Open-ended Stephen Sondheim Theatre Anything Goes West 43rd Street (#124) 1055 2011-04-07 April 7 2011 Open-ended St. James Theatre Hair West 44th Street (#246) 1710 2011-07-13 July 13 2011* 2011-09-10 September 10 2011 Studio 54 The People in the Picture41 West 54th Street (#254) 1006 2011-04-28April 28 2011 2011-06-19 June 19 2011 August Wilson Theatre Jersey Boys West 52nd Street (#245) 1222 2005-11-06November 6 2005 Open-ended Winter Garden Theatre Mamma Mia! Broadway (#1634-@50th) 1498 2001-10-18October 18 2001 Open-ended Upcoming productions The following have been announced as future Broadway productions. The theatre in which they will run is either not yet known or currently occupied by another show. Annie (theatre unknown)42 Big Fish - (theatre unknown) Death of a Salesman (unknown)43 Detroit Fall 2011 (theatre unknown)44 End of the Rainbow - (unknown)45 Evita (an unknown Nederlander Theatre)46 Funny Girl (unknown)47 Nice Work If You Can Get It - (theatre unknown) Other Desert Cities (unknown)48 You Can't Take It with You (unknown)49 Yank! Fall 2011 (theatre unknown)50 Zorba (unknown)51 References Although theater is the preferred spelling in the U.S. (see American and British English Spelling Differences) the majority of venues performers and trade groups for live dramatic presentations use the spelling theatre. playbill.com article Feb. 7 2008 "ASK PLAYBILL.COM: Broadway or Off-BroadwayPart I" retrieved Feb. 8 2008 a b Gans Andrew."Broadway Grossed Over $1 Billion in 2010" playbill.com January 4 2011 a b Kenrick John."John Kenrick article on the history of NY theatre" Musicals101.com "Bowery Theatre history Internet Broadway Database listing" Internet Broadway Database retrieved December 18 2010 Kenrick John."Musical Diversions" Theatre in NYC:History Part II c. 2005 Musicals101.com retrieved December 18 2010 Snyder Robert W. in The Encyclopedia of New York City (New Haven: Yale University Press 1995) Kenneth T. Jackson editor p. 1226. Hoffos Signe and Moulder Bob. "Desperately Seeking Lydia" and "Appreciating Lydia" The Friends of Kensal Green Cemetery Magazine Vol. 43 Autumn 2006 pp. 17 Gnzl Kurt. "Lydia Thompson" Encyclopaedia of the Musical Theatre Blackwell/Schirmer (1994) Article on long runs in New York and London prior to 1920 a b Sheridan Morley. Spread A Little Happiness New York: Thames and Hudson 1987 p.15 Kenrick's summary of New York theatre from 18651900 Article on long-running musicals before 1920 Midkoff Neil article Kenrick's summary of the 20th century history of theatre in New York a b Blank Matthew."Weekly Schedule of Current Broadway Shows" Playbill.com February 28 2011 Simonson Robert."When Did Broadway Shows Start Offering Sunday Performances" Playbill.com April 1 2011 Healy Patrick. "Time Is Short to See Tony Winners"The New York Times June 2010 Shenton Mark."Rewarded today gone tomorrow.."The Stage June 17 2010 Local 802 Agreement p. 10 local802afm.org retrieved December 25 2009 List of longest runs on Broadway Blank Matthew. "Broadway Rush and Standing Room Only Policies". Playbill.com March 1 2011 "Society of London Theatre Annual Report 2009 p.4" solt.co.uk retrieved January 4 2011 "Tony Awards History" tonyawards.com accessed February 25 2011 McKinley Jesse."Tony Awards Finish Up With a Fuzzy Surprise; Puppet Musical Wins Big as Does 'My Own Wife'" The New York Times June 7 2004 "Venues at the Internet Broadway Database ibdb.com retrieved December 14 2010 "'Earnest' listing" roundabouttheatre.org retrieved November 28 2010 Hetrick Adam."'Arcadia' Revival With Billy Crudup Ral Esparza Margaret Colin to Arrive on Broadway in February" playbill.com December 29 2010 Gans Andrew and Hetrick Adam."Broadway's 'War Horse' Is Now an Open-Ended Run" playbill.com April 15 2011 Gans Andrew.Fat Pig Postpones Broadway Production Until 201112 Season" playbill.com March 17 2011 Hetrick Adam and Jones Kenneth. "Shirelles Musical 'Baby It's You!' With Beth Leavel Will Play the Broadhurst; Complete Cast Announced" playbill.com January 24 2011 "Jim Belushi and Nina Arianda Confirmed for Broadway's Born Yesterday; Tix Now on Sale" playbill.com January 26 2011 1 New York Times "Listing 'House of Blue Leaves'" playbill.com accessed January 9 2011 Gans Andrew."John Leguizamo's Ghetto Klown to Play Broadway's Lyceum Theatre" playbill.com December 29 2010 2 Broadwayworld playbill.com "Bengal Tiger at the Bagdahd Zoo" newyrokctiytheatre.com Richard Rodgers Theatre. Gans Andrew."Chris Rock Bobby Cannavale and Annabella Sciorra to Star in Broadway's Motherf**ker with the Hat" playbill.com October 22 2010 New York Times Jones Kenneth. A Wilde Hit! Broadway's Earnest Gets 17-Week Extension Bumping People Musical to Studio 54" playbill.com January 26 2011 Healy Patrick."'Annie' Returning to Broadway"The New York Times June 7 2010 Blank Matthew."Schedule of Upcoming Broadway Shows" Playbill.com March 1 2011 BWW News (January 11 2011). "DETROIT is Bound for Broadway this Fall". broadwayworld.com. http://broadwayworld.com/article/DETROITisBoundforBroadwaythisFall20110111. Retrieved April 18 2011.  3 Guthrie: 14 Plays for 2011-12 4 The New York Times Hetrick Adam."Hello Gorgeous! 'Funny Girl' Directed by Sher To Make Broadway Return" playbill.com June 8 2010 "Broadway Transfer for 'Other Desert Cities'" broadway.com Gans Andrew."Broadway Revival of 'You Can't Take It with You' Postponed Until Spring 2011" playbill.com September 2 2010 Healy Patrick."'Yank! Wont Reach Broadway This SeasonThe New York Times September 2 2010 5 New York Times May 18 2010 External links General Broadway.com The Houses of Broadway The Internet Broadway Database StageAgent.com Playbill.com BroadwayWorld.com TheaterMania.com Reviews Did He Like It Ben Brantley Awards and service organizations Tony Awards Touring Broadway Awards American Theatre Wing Theatre Communications Group Theatre Development Fund Youth Theatre Development Group Producers and Unions The Broadway League (formerly the League of American Theatres and Producers) Actors' Equity Association The Dramatists Guild of America Stage Directors and Choreographers Society American Federation of Musicians IATSE Association of Theatrical Press Agents & Managers News information and ticket sources Metrony.com Broadway.tv Broadway Show Guide I Love New York Theater Information in Spanish about Broadway TicketNews's Broadway Section v d eBroadway theatres  Active by owner Shubert (17) Ambassador Theatre  Belasco Theatre  Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre  Booth Theatre  Broadhurst Theatre  Broadway Theatre  Cort Theatre  Ethel Barrymore Theatre  Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre  Imperial Theatre  John Golden Theatre  Longacre Theatre  Lyceum Theatre  Majestic Theatre  Music Box Theatre  Shubert Theatre  Winter Garden Theatre Nederlander (9) Brooks Atkinson Theatre  Gershwin Theatre  Lunt-Fontanne Theatre  Marquis Theatre  Minskoff Theatre  Nederlander Theatre  Neil Simon Theatre  Palace Theatre  Richard Rodgers Theatre Jujamcyn (5) Al Hirschfeld Theatre  August Wilson Theatre  Eugene O'Neill Theatre  St. James Theatre  Walter Kerr Theatre Roundabout (3) American Airlines Theatre  Stephen Sondheim Theatre  Studio 54 Other (6) Circle in the Square Theatre (independent)  Foxwoods Theatre (Live Nation)  Helen Hayes Theatre (independent)  New Amsterdam Theatre (Disney)  Samuel J. Friedman Theatre (MTC)  Vivian Beaumont Theatre (Lincoln Center) Extant former Broadway theatres City Center  Ed Sullivan Theater  Hudson Theatre  Latin Quarter  Mark Hellinger Theatre  New Victory Theatre  Times Square Theatre (New 42nd Street)  Defunct and/or demolished 39th Street Theatre  44th Street Theatre  48th Street Theatre  49th Street Theatre  52nd Street Theatre  Adelphi Theatre  American Theatre  Astor Theatre  Bandbox Theatre  Belmont Theatre  Berkeley Lyceum Theatre  Bijou Theatre  Booth's Theatre  Broadway Theatre (41st St.)  Casino Theatre  Center Theatre  Central Theatre  Century Theatre (46th St.)  Century Theatre (62nd St.)  Circle Theatre  Cosmopolitan Theatre  Criterion Theatre  Daly's Theatre (30th St.)  Daly's 63rd Street Theatre  Earl Carroll Theatre  Edison Theatre  Eltinge Theatre  Empire Theatre  Fifth Avenue Theatre  Fulton Theatre  Gaiety Theatre  Garrick Theatre  George M. Cohan's Theatre  Hampden's Theatre / Harkness Theatre  Herald Square Theatre  Hippodrome Theatre  Jardin de Paris  Klaw Theatre / Avon Theatre  Knickerbocker Theatre  Liberty Theatre  Lincoln Square Theatre  Majestic Theatre (Columbus Circle)  Manhattan Theatre (33rd St.)  Maxine Elliott's Theatre  Mayfair Theatre (44th St.)  Mayfair Theatre (46th St.)  Mercury Theatre  Morosco Theatre  New Century Theatre  New York Theatre (44th St.)  Nora Bayes Theatre  Olympia Theatre  Playhouse Theatre  Playhouse Theatre (6th Ave.)  President Theatre  Princess Theatre  Proctor's Theatre  Punch and Judy Theatre / Charles Hopkins Theatre  Rialto Theatre  Sam H. Harris Theatre  Savoy Theatre  Star Theatre  Vanderbilt Theatre  Victoria Theatre  Waldorf Theatre  Wallack's Theatre / Harris Theatre  Wallack's Theatre / Palmer's Theatre  Wallack's Lyceum Theatre  Waverley Theatre  Winter Garden Theatre (Jenny Lind Hall)  Ziegfeld Theatre Coordinates: 404521N 735911W / 40.75583N 73.98639W / 40.75583; -73.98639