As none of her pregnancies produced surviving offspring the throne passed to Charles' brother James Duke of York. Her husband kept many mistresses and fathered numerous illegitimate offspring which he acknowledged. Contents 1 Early life 2 As Queen Consort 3 Later years 4 Historical and cultural impact 5 Titles styles and arms 5.1 Titles and styles 5.2 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References 8 External links 9 External links Early life Catherine c. 1660 The Sally Port in the garrison walls at Portsmouth where Catherine first set foot in England.

Infanta Catarina of Portugal (or of Braganza) was born in Vila Viosa as the second surviving daughter of John IV of Portugal (at the time Duke of Braganza) and his wife Luisa de Guzmn a daughter of the duke of Medina-Sidonia. Through her mother Catherine was a 3rd great granddaughter of Saint Francis Borgia. Although she was raised in a convent Catherine's upbringing and education were closely supervised by her mother.

Following the restoration of the Portuguese Royal House and her father's accession to the throne on 1 December 1640 she was proposed as a bride for John of Austria Franois de Vendme duc de Beaufort Louis XIV and Charles II. She was seen as a useful conduit for contracting an alliance between Portugal and England after the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 in which Portugal was arguably abandoned by France. Upon Charles's restoration to the English throne in 1660 Catherine's mother reopened negotiations with his counsellors and a marriage treaty was signed 23 June 1661. As Queen Consort Portrait of Catherine of Braganza by Jacob Huysmans.

She was married by proxy in Lisbon on 23 April 1662. After arriving in Portsmouth on 14 May 1662 the couple were married in two more ceremonies a Catholic one conducted in secret followed by a public Anglican service on 21 May at Domus Dei now known as the Royal Garrison Church at Portsmouth. Catherine married at the age of 23.

Her large dowry brought the port cities of Tangier and Bombay (now Mumbai) to British control. The former had only a transitory significance but the latter had a major lasting influence on the development of the British Empire and the History of India as the British would develop Bombay - which had only 10000 inhabitants under the Portuguese - into a major centre of commerce.

At the time she was not a particularly popular choice of queen being Roman Catholic and her religion prevented her from being crowned as Roman Catholics were forbidden to take part in Anglican services. She initially faced hardships due to the language barrier the king's infidelities and the political conflicts between Roman Catholics and Anglicans. Over time her quiet decorum loyalty and genuine affection for Charles changed the public's perception of her.

Catherine became pregnant and miscarried at least twice and during a severe illness in 1663 she thought for a time she had given birth. Charles comforted her by telling her she had indeed given birth to two sons and a daughter. Her position was a difficult one as Charles continued to have children by his many mistresses but insisted she be treated with respect and sided with her over his mistresses when he felt she was not receiving the respect she was due. Throughout his reign he firmly dismissed the idea of divorcing Catherine even when Parliament exerted pressure to beget or declare a Protestant successor. Though known to keep her faith a private matter her religion and proximity to the king made her the target of anti-Catholic sentiment. In 1678 the murder of Sir Edmund Godfrey was ascribed to several of her servants. In November of the same year she was accused by Titus Oates an instigator of the "Popish Plot" of being part of a conspiracy to poison the king even though Charles himself disbelieved the entirety of the plot. Although both the evidence in her case and the Popish Plot were later discovered to be fabrications the House of Commons voted unsuccessfully for an address calling for the Queen and her household to be banished from Whitehall. In 1679 she was defended against the allegations by the king himself. Later years At Charles' final illness in 1685 she showed anxiety for his reconciliation with the Roman Catholic faith and exhibited great grief at his death. Later in the same year she unsuccessfully interceded with James II for the life of James Scott 1st Duke of Monmouth Charles's illegitimate son and leader of the Monmouth Rebellion - even though Monmouth in rebellion had called upon the support represented by the staunch Protestants opposed to the Catholic Church. Catherine remained in England living at Somerset House through the reign of James and his deposition in the Glorious Revolution by William III and Mary II. Initially on good terms with William and Mary her position deteriorated as the practice of her religion led to misunderstandings and increasing isolation. A bill was introduced to Parliament to limit the number of Catherine's Catholic servants and she was warned not to agitate against the government. She finally returned to Portugal in March 1692. She supported the Treaty of Methuen in 1703 with England and acted as regent for her brother Peter II in 1701 and 1704-05. She died at the Bemposta Palace in Lisbon on 31 December 1705 and was buried at the Jernimos Monastery in Belm Lisbon. Statue in Lisbon Portugal Historical and cultural impact Catherine introduced the custom of drinking tea in Britain a custom that was already very popular among the Portuguese nobility at the time. The tea had been imported to Portugal from the Portuguese possessions in Asia as well as through the trade Portuguese merchants maintained with China and Japan. According to the Museum Director of the house of Braganza it was not only drinking tea but "High Tea" at 17:00-05:00pm (some people believe it to be at 16:00-04:00pm) which is still a Portuguese tradition. Catherine also introduced the fork to the dining tables of England. Although somecitation needed have claimed that Queens a borough of New York City was named after Catherine of Braganza her name is not mentioned in the first 200 years of historical documents that have been preserved in the county archives. She was however queen when Queens County was established alongside Kings County (Brooklyn) in 1683. Kings County was named for her husband King Charles II. Because it was alleged that the Queen and her family had profited from the slave trade a recent effort to build a 10 m (33 ft)-tall statue in her honour in Queens was defeated by local African American Irish-American and community groups.1 A quarter-scale model survives at the site of Expo '98 in Lisbon Portugal facing Queens across the Atlantic. Titles styles and arms Catherine of Braganza's Coat of arms as Queen consort of England. Titles and styles 25 November 16381 December 1640: Dona Catarina de Bragana 1 December 164017 November 1653: Her Highness The Infanta Dona Catarina 17 November 165323 April 1662: Her Royal Highness The Princess of Beira 23 April 16626 February 1685: Her Majesty The Queen of England Scotland and Ireland 6 February 168531 December 1705: Her Majesty The Queen Dowager of England Scotland and Ireland Arms The Royal Coat of Arms of England Scotland and Ireland are impaled with the Royal arms of her father John IV of Portugal. The arms consisted of "Argent five escutcheons in cross Azure each charged with as many plates in saltire Argent all with a bordure Gules charged with seven castles Or (Portugal)". For supporters she used the crowned Lion of England on the dexter side and on the sinister used "a dragon Vert as in the Royal Arms of Portugal".2 Ancestry Ancestors of Catherine of Braganza                                     16. Teodsio I 5th Duke of Braganza               8. John I 6th Duke of Braganza                       17. Isabel de Lencastre               4. Teodsio II 7th Duke of Braganza                             18. Infante Edward 4th Duke of Guimares               9. Infanta Catherine of Guimares                       19. Isabella of Braganza               2. John IV of Portugal                                   20. igo Fernndez de Velasco 4th Duke of Fras               10. Juan Fernndez de Velasco 5th Duke of Fras                       21. Maria Angela de Aragn y Guzmn               5. Ana de Velasco y Girn                             22. Pedro Tllez-Girn 1st Duke of Osuna               11. Maria Tellez-Giron                       23. Leonor Ana de Guzmn y Aragn               1. Catherine of Braganza                                         24. Juan Carlos Prez de Guzmn 9th Count of Niebla               12. Alonso Prez de Guzmn 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia                       25. Leonor Manrique de Zuiga Sotomayor               6. Juan Manuel Prez de Guzmn 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia                             26. Rui Gomes da Silva 1st Prince of boli               13. Ana de Sylva y Mendoza                       27. Ana de Mendoza 2nd Princess of Mlito               3. Luisa de Guzmn                                   28. Francisco Gmez de Sandoval 4th Marquis of Denia               14. Francisco Gmez de Sandoval 1st Duke of Lerma                       29. Isabel de Borja               7. Juana Lorenza Gmez de Sandoval y la Cerda                             30. Juan de la Cerda 4th Duke of Medinaceli               15. Catalina de la Cerda                       31. Joana de Noronha             References Catherine Of Braganza: The Fall Of A Queen Queens Tribune Pinces John Harvey; Pinces Rosemary (1974) The Royal Heraldry of England Heraldry Today Slough Buckinghamshire: Hollen Street Press pp. 181 ISBN 0-900455-25-X  Fraser Antonia (1979). King Charles II External links Media related to Catherine of Braganza at Wikimedia Commons External links Britannia.com Catherine of Braganza Wynne S. M. Catherine (16381705) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography edited by H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP 2004. Online ed. edited by Lawrence Goldman January 2008. (accessed November 26 2010) Catherine of Braganza House of Braganza Cadet branch of the House of Aviz Born: 25 November 1638 Died: 31 December 1705 British royalty Vacant Title last held by Henrietta Maria of France Queen Consort of England and of Ireland 16621685 Succeeded by Mary of Modena Queen Consort of Scots 16621685 v d eEnglish Royal Consorts Matilda of Flanders (10661083)  Matilda of Scotland (11001118)  Adeliza of Louvain (11211135)  Matilda I of Boulogne (11351152)  (Geoffrey V of Anjou) (1141)  Eleanor of Aquitaine (11541189)  Margaret of France (11701183)  Berengaria of Navarre (11911199)  Isabella of Angoulme (12001216)  Eleanor of Provence (12361272)  Eleanor of Castile (12721290)  Margaret of France (12991307)  Isabella of France (13081327)  Philippa of Hainault (13281369)  Anne of Bohemia (13831394)  Isabella of Valois (13961399)  Joanna of Navarre (14031413)  Catherine of Valois (14201422)  Margaret of Anjou (14451471)  Elizabeth Woodville (14641483)  Anne Neville (14831485)  Elizabeth of York (14861503)  Catherine of Aragon (15091533)  Anne Boleyn (15331536)  Jane Seymour (15361537)  Anne of Cleves (1540)  Catherine Howard (15401542)  Catherine Parr (15431547)  (Lord Guilford Dudley) (1553)  Anne of Denmark (16031619)  Henrietta Maria of France (16251649)  Catherine of Braganza (16621685)  Mary of Modena (16851688)  George of Denmark (17021707) v d eScottish Royal Consorts Elizabeth de Burgh (13061327) Joan of The Tower (13291362) Margaret Drummond (13641369) Euphemia de Ross (13711386) Anabella Drummond (13901401) Joan Beaufort (14241437) Mary of Guelders (14491460) Margaret of Denmark (14691486) Margaret Tudor (15031513) Madeleine of Valois (1537) Mary of Guise (15381542) Francis II of France (15581560) Henry Duke of Albany (15651567) James Earl of Bothwell (1567) Anne of Denmark (15891619) Henrietta Maria of France (16251649) Catherine of Braganza (16621685) Mary of Modena (16851688) George Duke of Cumberland (17021707) v d eHouse of Braganza  John IV Children Teodsio Prince of Brazil   Joana Princess of Beira   Catarina Queen of England   Afonso VI   Peter II  Peter II Children include Isabel Lusa Princess of Beira  John V  Francisco Duke of Beja  Antnio  Manuel Count of Ourm  Infanta Francisca  Lusa Duchess of Cadaval (natural daughter)  Jos Archbishop of Braga (natural son)  John V Children Brbara Queen of Spain   Joseph I   Peter III  Joseph I Children include Maria I   Mariana Francisca   Doroteia   Benedita Princess of Brazil  Maria I and Peter III Children include Jos Prince of Brazil   John VI  Mariana Vitria  John VI Children include Maria Teresa Princess of Beira  Maria Isabel Queen of Spain  Pedro IV of Portugal I of Brazil  Maria Francisca  Isabel Maria  Miguel I  Maria da Assuno  Infanta Ana de Jesus Maria Duchess of Loul  Pedro IV (I of Brazil) Children include Maria II  Januria Princess Imperial of Brazil  Princess Francisca princess de Joinville  Pedro II of Brazil Grandchildren Afonso Prince Imperial of Brazil   Isabel Princess Imperial of Brazil   Leopoldina   Pedro Prince Imperial of Brazil  Miguel Children Maria das Neves   Miguel Duke of Braganza   Maria Teresa Archduchess of Austria   Maria Josepha Duchess in Bavaria   Adelgundes Duchess of Guimares Countess of Bardi   Marie Ana Grand Duchess of Luxembourg   Maria Antnia Duchess of Parma Grandchildren Miguel Duke of Viseu   Francis Jospeh   Maria Teresa   Isabel Maria   Maria Benedita   Mafalda   Maria Anna   Maria Antnia   Filippa   Duarte Nuno Duke of Braganza   Maria Adelaide Great grandchildren Duarte Pio Duke of Braganza   Miguel Duke of Viseu   Henrique Duke of Coimbra Great-great grandchildren Afonso Prince of Beira  Maria Francisca  Dinis Duke of Porto v d eInfantas of Portugal The generations indicate descent form Afonso I and continues through the House of Aviz the House of Bourbon through Isabella of Portugal and the House of Braganza through Infanta Catherine Duchess of Braganza. 1st Generation Infanta Mafalda  Infanta Urraca Queen of Lon  Teresa Countess of Flanders and Duchess of Burgundy 2nd Generation Teresa Queen of Lon  Sancha Lady of Alenquer  Infanta Constana  Branca Lady of Guadalajara  Berengria Queen of Denmark  Mafalda Queen of Castile 3rd Generation Leonor Queen of Denmark  Infanta Maria 4th Generation Branca Viscountess of Huelgas  Infanta Sancha  Infanta Maria  Infanta Constana  Eleanor Princess of Dacia 5th Generation Constance Queen of Castile and Len  Maria Lady of Menezes and Ordua   Isabel Lady of Penela   Infanta Constana   Beatriz Lady of Lemos 6th Generation Maria Queen of Castile and Len  Infanta Isabel  Leonor Queen of Aragon 7th Generation Maria Marchioness of Tortosa  Beatriz Countess of Alburquerque 8th Generation Beatriz I  Infanta Branca  Isabel Duchess of Burgundy  Infanta Branca 9th Generation Isabel Queen of Castile and Len  Beatriz Duchess of Viseu  Infanta Filipa  Isabel Queen of Portugal  Filipa Lady of Almada  Infanta Maria  Leonor Holy Roman Empress  Beatriz Lady of Ravenstein  Infanta Catarina  Infanta Filipa  Joana Queen of Castile and Len 10th Generation Leonor Queen of Portugal and the Algarve  Isabel Duchess of Braganza  Infanta Catarina  Saint Joana Princess of Portugal 11th Generation Isabel Holy Roman Empress  Beatriz Duchess of Savoy  Infanta Maria  Maria Duchess of Viseu 12th Generation Maria Manuela Princess of Portugal  Infanta Isabel  Infanta Beatriz  Infanta Luisa  Maria Hereditary Princess of Parma  Catarina Duchess of Braganza 13th Generation Isabella Clara Eugenia Co-Sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands*  Catherine Michelle Duchess of Savoy*  Infanta Maria* 14th Generation Anna Queen of France*  Infanta Maria* Maria Anna Holy Roman Empress*  Infanta Margarita Francisca* 15th Generation Infanta Maria Margarita*  Infanta Margarita Maria Catalina*  Infanta Maria Eugenia*  Infanta Isabel Maria Teresa*  Infanta Maria Anna Antonia*  Maria Theresa Queen of France* Joana Princess of Beira  Catarina Queen of England Scotland and Ireland 16th Generation Isabel Lusa Princess of Beira  Infanta Francisca Xaviera   Infanta Teresa Maria  Infanta Francisca Josefa 17th Generation Barbara Queen of Spain 18th Generation Maria I  Infanta Mariana Francisca  Infanta Doroteia  Benedita Princess of Brazil 19th Generation Infanta Maria Isabel  Mariana Vitria Infanta of Spain  Infanta Maria Clementina 20th Generation Teresa Princess of Beira  Maria Isabel Queen of Spain  Maria Francisca Countess of Molina  Infanta Isabel Maria  Infanta Maria da Assuno  Ana de Jesus Maria Marchioness of Loul Infanta Maria Carlota* 21st Generation Maria II  Januria Maria Princess Imperial of Brazil**  Infanta Paula Mariana**  Infanta Francisca**  Infanta Maria Amlia**  Maria das Neves Duchess of San Jaime  Maria Teresa Archduchess of Austria  Maria Josepha Duchess in Bavaria  Adelgundes Duchess of Guimares  Maria Ana Grand Duchess of Luxembourg  Maria Antnia Duchess of Parma 22nd Generation Infanta Maria***  Maria Ana Crown Princess of Saxony***  Antnia Princess of Hohenzollern***  Isabel Princess Imperial of Brazil**  Infanta Maria da Glria***  Leopoldina Princess Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg-Kohary**   Maria Teresa Princess Karl Ludwig of Thurn und Taxis  Isabel Maria Princess of Thurn und Taxis  Infanta Maria Benedita  Infanta Mafalda  Maria Anna Hereditary Princess of Thurn und Taxis  Infanta Filippa Maria  Maria Antnia Mrs. Chanler  Maria Adelaide Mrs. van Uden 23rd Generation none 24th Generation Infanta Maria Ana***  Infanta Maria Francisca *also an infanta of Spain **also an imperial princess of Brazil ***also a princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Duchess in Saxony Authority control: PND: 136069053 LCCN: n84107660 VIAF: 43241220 Persondata Name Braganza Catherine Of Alternative names Short description Date of birth 25 November 1638 Place of birth Vila Viosa Portugal Date of death 31 December 1705 Place of death Bemposta Palace Lisbon Portugal