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Coordinates: 3354N 11330E / 33.9N 113.5E / 33.9; 113.5 Henan Province Chinese : Hnn Shng Abbreviations:   (pinyin: Y) Origin of name h - (Yellow) River nn - south "south of the Yellow River" Administration type Province Capital (and largest city) Zhengzhou CPC Ctte Secretary Lu Zhangong Governor Guo Gengmao Area 167000 km2 (64000 sq mi) (17th)  - Latitude 31 23' to 36 22' N  - Longitude 110 21' to 116 38' E Population (2007)  - Density 94290000 (2nd) 591 /km2 (1530 /sq mi) (6th) GDP (2010)  - per capita CNY 2.29 trillion ($US339 billion) (5th) CNY 20477 (19th) HDI (2008) 0.787 (medium) (15th) Ethnic composition Han - 98.8% Hui - 1% Prefecture-level 17 divisions County-level 159 divisions Township-level* ISO 3166-2 CN-41 Official website www.henan.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese) Source for population and GDP data: 2005 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 2000 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 *As at December 31 2004 Template Discussion WikiProject China

Henan (Chinese: ; pinyin: Hnn; WadeGiles: Ho-nan) is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the central part of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "" (y) named after Yuzhou ( Y Zhu) a Han Dynasty state (zhou) that included parts of Henan. Although the name of the province () means "south of the river"1 approximately a quarter of the province lies north of the Yellow River also known as the "Huang He".

Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan ( zhngyun) or Zhongzhou ( zhngzhu) which literally means "central plains" or "midland" although the name is also applied to the entirety of China proper. Henan is the birthplace of Chinese civilization with over 5000 years of history and remained China's cultural economical and political center until approximately 1000 years ago. Numerous heritages have been left behind including the ruins of Shang Dynasty capital city Yinxu and the Shaolin Temple. Four of the Eight Great Ancient Capitals of China Luoyang Anyang Kaifeng and Zhengzhou are located in Henan.

With an area of 167000 square kilometres (64000 sq mi) Henan covers a large part of the fertile and densely populated North China Plain. Its neighbouring provinces are Shaanxi Shanxi Hebei Shandong Anhui and Hubei. Henan is China's second most populous province with a population of over 94 million. If it were a country by itself Henan would be the 12th most populous country in the world behind Mexico and ahead of the Philippines.

Henan is the 5th largest provincial economy of China and the largest among inland provinces. However per capita GDP is low compared to other eastern and central provinces and Henan is considered to be one of the more backward areas in China. The economy continues to depend on its dwindling aluminum and coal reserves as well as agriculture heavy industry tourism and retail. High-tech industry and service sector is underdeveloped and is concentrated around Zhengzhou and Luoyang. Contents 1 History 1.1 Ancient Era 1.2 Imperial Era 1.3 Modern Era 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 3 Administrative divisions 4 Demographics 5 Politics 6 Economy 7 Transportation 8 Culture 9 Tourism 10 Colleges and universities 11 Notable people 12 Miscellaneous topics 13 Notes 14 External links History

Widely regarded as the Cradle of Chinese civilization along with Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces Henan is known for its historical prosperity and periodic downturns. The economic prosperity resulted from its vast fertile plains and its location at the heart of the country. However its strategic location also means that it has suffered from nearly all of the major wars in China. In addition the numerous floods of the Yellow River have caused significant damage from time to time. Kaifeng in particular has been buried by the Yellow River's silt seven times due to flooding. Ancient Era A Yangshao pot carving of an owl.

Archaeological sites reveal that prehistoric cultures such as the Yangshao Culture and Longshan Culture were active in what is now northern Henan since the Neolithic Era. The more recent Erlitou culture has been controversially identified with the Xia Dynasty the first and largely legendary Chinese dynasty that was established roughly in the 21st century BC. Virtually the entire kingdom existed within what is now north and central Henan.

The Xia Dynasty collapsed around the 16th century BC following the invasion of Shang a neighboring vassal state centered around today's Shangqiu in eastern Henan. The Shang Dynasty (16th-11th centuries BC) was the first literate dynasty of China. Its many capitals are located at the modern cities of Shangqiu Yanshi and Zhengzhou. Their last and most important capital Yin located in modern Anyang is the where the first Chinese writing was created. Shang Dynasty oracle bone script the first form of Chinese writing. In the 11th century BC the Zhou Dynasty of Shaanxi arrived from the west and overthrew the Shang Dynasty. The capital was moved to Chang'an and the political and economical center was moved away from Henan for the first time. In 722 BC when Chang'an was devastated by Xionites invasions the capital was moved back east to Luoyang. This began the Spring and Autumn Period a period of warfare and rivalry. What is now Henan and all of China was divided into a variety of small independent states constantly at war for control of the central plain. Although regarded formally as the ruler of China the control that Zhou king in Luoyang exerted over the feudal kingdoms had virtually disappeared. Despite the prolonged period of instability prominent philosophers such as Confucius emerged in this era and offered their ideas on how a state should be run. Laozi the founder of Taoism was born in northern Chu part of modern day Henan. Later on these states were replaced by seven large and powerful states during the Warring States Period and Henan was divided into three states the Wei to the north the Chu to the south and the Han in the middle. In 221 BC state of Qin forces from Shaanxi conquered all of the other six states ending 800 years of warfare. Imperial Era Ying Zheng the leader of Qin crowned himself as the First Emperor. He abolished the feudal system and centralized all powers establishing the Qin Dynasty and unified the core of the Han Chinese homeland for the first time. The empire quickly collapsed after the death of Ying Zheng and was replaced by the Han Dynasty in 206 BC with its capital at Chang'an. Thus began a golden age of Chinese culture economy and military power. The capital was moved east to Luoyang in 25 CE in response to a coup in Chang'an that created the short lived Xin Dynasty. Luoyang quickly regained control of China and the Eastern Han Dynasty began extending the golden age for another two centuries. The late Eastern Han Dynasty saw war and rivalry between regional warlords. Xuchang in central Henan was the power base of Cao Cao who eventually succeeded in unifying all of northern China under the Kingdom of Wei. Wei then moved its capital to Luoyang which remained the capital after the unification of China by the Western Jin Dynasty. During this period Luoyang became one of the largest and most prosperous cities in the world despite being repeatedly damaged by warfare. With the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty in the 4th and 5th century nomadic peoples from the north invaded northern China and established many successive regimes in northern China including Henan. These people were gradually assimilated into the Chinese culture in a process known as sinification. This limestone statue of a Boddhisattva was probably created in the Henan province around 570 in the Northern Qi Dynasty. The short lived Sui Dynasty reunified China again in 589 with its capital back to Chang'an. It collapsed due to Sui Emperor Yang's costly attempt to relocate the capital from Chang'an to Luoyang and the construction of many extravagant palaces there. The succeeding Tang Dynasty kept its capital in Chang'an marking the beginning of China's second golden age with Henan being one of the wealthiest places in the empire. The Tang Dynasty lasted for three centuries before it eventually succumbed to internal strife. In the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms that followed Kaifeng in eastern Henan was the capital of four dynasties. The Song Dynasty that reunified China in 982 also had its capital at Kaifeng. Under Song rule China entered another era of culture and prosperity and Kaifeng overtook Luoyang and Chang'an as the largest city in China and the world. 1 In 1127 however the Song Dynasty succumbed to Jurchen (Jin Dynasty) invaders from the north and in 1142 ceded all of northern China including Henan. The Song government moved its capital to Hangzhou in Southern China which under the Southern Song Dynasty continued to enjoy relative economic and culture prosperity. A prolonged period of peace and cultural and economic prosperity in the Yangtze River delta Jiangnan region (modern southern Jiangsu northern Zhejiang and Shanghai) made this the new center of Chinese culture and economy. Kaifeng served as the Jurchen's "southern capital" from 1157 (other sources say 1161) and was reconstructed during this time. 2 3 But the Jurchen kept their main capital further north until 1214 when they were forced to move the imperial court southwards to Kaifeng in order to flee the Mongol onslaught. In 1234 they succumbed to combined Mongol and Song Dynasty forces. Mongols took control and in 1279 they conquered all of China establishing the Yuan Dynasty and set up the equivalent of modern Henan province with borders extremely similar to modern ones. Neither its territories nor its role in the economy were changed under later dynasties. Henan remained important in the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty that followed though its economy slowly deteriorated due to frequent natural disasters. Modern Era The Qing Dynasty was overthrown by the Republic of China in 1911 marking the beginning of China's modern era. The construction and extension of the Pinghan Railway and Longhai Railway had turned Zhengzhou a minor county town at the time into a major transportation hub. Despite the rise of Zhengzhou Henan's overall economy repeatedly stumbled as it was the hardest hit by the many disasters that struck China in its modern era. In 1938 when the Imperial Japanese Army captured Kaifeng the government led by Chiang Kai-shek bombed the Huayuankou dam in Zhengzhou in order to prevent the Japanese forces from advancing further. However this caused massive flooding in Henan Anhui and Jiangsu resulting in a famine that caused millions of deaths. In 1954 the new government of the People's Republic of China moved the capital of Henan from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou as a result of its economic importance. The PRC had earlier established a short-lived Pingyuan Province consisting of what is now northern Henan and western Shandong with Xinxiang as its capital. This province was abolished in 1952. In 1958 Yashan in Suiping County Henan became the first people's commune of China heralding the beginning of the "Great Leap Forward". In the subsequent famines of the early 1960s popularly attributed to the Great Leap Forward Henan was one of the hardest hit and millions of lives were lost. 4 In 1975 the collapse of the Banqiao Dam and other dams in southern Henan following a typhoon and extraordinarily high levels of rainfall led to the deaths across several counties of an estimated 230000 people. This was the most deadly dam-related catastrophe in human history.citation needed By the early 1970's China was one of the poorest countries in the world and Henan was one of the poorest provinces in China. In 1978 however when the communist leader Deng Xiaoping initiated the open door policy and embraced capitalism China entered an economic boom that continues today. The boom did not reach inland provinces such as Henan initially but by the 1990's Henan's economy was expanding at an even faster rate than that of China overall. Henan has still not however entirely shed its reputation as an economic backwater. In recent years the prevalence of "selling blood" (blood donations for payment) among poor villagers has put Henan in the national spotlight. It was exposed that AIDS villages where most of the population is HIV positive exist in Henan. In many rural areas of China during the 1990s particularly in the province of Henan tens to hundreds of thousands of farmers and peasants were infected with HIV through participation in state-run blood collection programs in which contaminated equipment was reused.23 The initial cover up of the crisis by local officials followed by the national exposure has put Henan in a somewhat negative spotlight. In November 2004 martial law was declared in Zhongmou county Henan to quell deadly ethnic clashes between Han Chinese and the Muslim Hui Chinese. 5 The reported number of deaths ranged between 7 and 148. Geography Longmen Grottoes (Mt. Longmen) Luoyang Henan. Henan has a diverse landscape with floodplains in the east and mountains in the west. Much of the province forms part the densely populated North China Plain an area known as the "breadbasket of China". The Taihang Mountains intrude partially into Henan's northwestern borders from Shanxi forming the eastern edge of Loess Plateau. To the west the Xionger and Funiu Mountains form an extensive network of mountain ranges and plateaus supporting one of the few remaining temperate deciduous forests which once covered all of Henan. The famous Mount Song and its Shaolin Temple is located in the far east of the region near the capital city Zhengzhou. To the far south the Dabie Mountains divides Hubei from Henan. The Nanyang Basin separated from North China Plain by these mountains is another important agricultural and population center with culture and history distinct from the rest of Henan and closer to that of Hubei's. Unlike the rest of northern China desertification is not a problem in Henan though sandstorms are common in cities near the Yellow River due to the large amount of sand present in the river. The Yellow River passes through central Henan. It enters from the northwest via the Sanmenxia Reservoir. After it passes Luoyang the mountains gave way to plains. Excessive amount of sediments are formed due to the silt it picks up from the Loess Plateau raising the riverbed and causing frequent floods which shaped the habitat of the region. More recently however construction of dams and levees as well as the depletion of water resources have ended the floods. The Huai River in southern Henan is another important river and has been recognized as part of the boundary dividing northern and southern Chinese climate and culture. Henan shares borders with six other provinces. It is bordered to the west by Shaanxi to the south by Hubei and to the north by Shanxi (northwest) and Hebei (northeast). To the east lie Shandong (northeast) and Anhui (southeast) whose borders meet at a narrow strip of land which separates Henan from Jiangsu to the east. Climate Henan has a temperate climate that is humid subtropical (Kppen Cwa or Cfa) to the south of the Yellow River and bordering on humid continental (Kppen Dwa) to the north. It has a distinct seasonal climate characterised by hot humid summers due to the East Asian monsoon and generally cool to cold windy dry winters that reflect the influence of the vast Siberian anticyclone. Temperatures average around the freezing mark in January and 27 to 28 C in July. A great majority of the annual rainfall occurs during the summer. Administrative divisions Further information: List of administrative divisions of Henan Henan is divided into seventeen prefecture-level divisions all prefecture-level cities and one directly administered county-level city.The prefecture-level cities are: Map # Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Administrative Seat Prefecture-level city 1 Zhengzhou Zhngzhu Sh Zhongyuan District 2 Anyang nyng Sh Beiguan District 3 Hebi Hb Sh Qibin District 4 Jiaozuo Jiozu Sh Jiefang District 5 Kaifeng Kifng Sh Gulou District 6 Luohe Luh Sh Yancheng District 7 Luoyang Luyng Sh Xigong District 8 Nanyang Nnyng Sh Wolong District 9 Pingdingshan Pngdngshn Sh Xinhua District 10 Puyang Pyng Sh Hualong District 11 Sanmenxia Snmnxi Sh Hubin District 12 Shangqiu Shngqi Sh Liangyuan District 13 Xinxiang Xnxing Sh Weibin District 14 Xinyang Xnyng Sh Shihe District 15 Xuchang Xchng Sh Weidu District 16 Zhoukou Zhuku Sh Chuanhui District 17 Zhumadian Zhmdin Sh Yicheng District Sub-prefecture-level city 18 Jiyuan Jyun Sh Jiyuan The seventeen prefecture-level divisions and one directly administered county-level city of Henan are subdivided into 159 county-level divisions (50 districts twenty-one county-level cities and 88 counties; Jiyuan is counted as a county-level city here). Those are in turn divided into 2440 township-level divisions (866 towns 1234 townships twelve ethnic townships and 328 subdistricts). Demographics With a population of approximately 93.6 million Henan is the second most populous Chinese province after Guangdong. It is also the fifth most populous sub-national division in the world. If it were a country by itself it would be the twelfth most populous in the world just behind Mexico and ahead of the Philippines. However the hukou system shows Henan as the most populous province in China with over 103 million people as it counts the migrant Henanese laborers as residents of Henan instead of the province they currently reside in. On the other hand Guangdong is shown as having only 81 million people though the actual population is 95 million due to the influx of migrants from other provinces. Although the population is highly homogeneous with 98.8% of the population being Han Henan has the largest Muslim Hui population in eastern China which constitutes approximately 1% of the population and live mostly in Muslim enclaves in Guancheng District in in Zhengzhou Chanhe District in Luoyang and Shunhe District in Kaifeng. Small populations of Mongols and Manchus exists in scattered rural communities as well as major urban centers. Kaifeng is also known for its historical Jewish communities though after centuries of integration few of them are aware of their ancestry and Jews are not an officially recognized ethnic minority in China. Along with Jiangxi Henan has one of the most unbalanced gender ratios in China. As a result of the Chinese government's one-child policy (many parents do not want the only child to be female and abort the fetus) the gender ratio was 118.46 males for 100 females 2000. Subsequently aborting female fetuses was banned in Henan and heavy fines are issued for those who violate the law. In addition daughter-only families receive an annual allowance from the government 6 Despite these efforts the problem has gotten far worse. Based on a 2009 British Medical Journal study the ratio is over 140 boys for every 100 girls in the 1-4 age group7 though it might be a huge exaggeration as many families with more than one child do not register their daughters to the hukou in order to escape fines. Politics Main article: Politics of Henan The Government of Henan is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China. The Governor of Henan is the highest ranking official in the People's Government of Henan. However in the province's dual party-government governing system the Governor has less power than the Henan Communist Party of China Provincial Committee Secretary colloquially termed the "Henan CPC Party Chief". Economy Henan has seen rapid development in its economy over the past two decades and its economy has expanded at an even faster rate than the national average of 10%. This rapid growth has transformed Henan from one of the poorest provinces to one that matches other central provinces though still relatively impoverished on a national scale. In 2009 Henan's nominal GDP was 2.29 trillion RMB (US$339 billion)4 making it the fifth largest economy in China although it rank nineteen in terms of GDP per capita. Henan is a semi-industrialized economy with an underdeveloped service sector. In 2009 Henan's primary secondary and tertiary industries were worth 277 billion RMB (US$40 billion) 1.097 trillion RMB (US$160 billion) and 563 billion RMB (US$82 billion) respectively. Agriculture has traditionally been a pillar of its economy with the nation's highest wheat and sesame output and second highest rice output earning its reputation as the breadbasket of China. Henan is also an important producer of beef cotton maize pork animal oil and corn. It is said that 90% of Chinese McDonald's and KFC ingredients comes from Henan.5 Although Henan's industry has traditionally been based on light textiles and food processing recent developments have diversified the industry sector to metallurgy petrol cement chemical industry machinery and electronics. Henan has the second largest molybdenum reserve in the world. Coal aluminum alkaline metals and tungsten are also present in large amounts in western Henan. Export and processing of these materials is one of the main sources of revenues. Henan is actively trying to build an open economy. In 2008 the total trade volume (import and export) was US$17.5 billion including US$10.7 billion for exports. Since 2002 7111 foreign enterprises have been approved and foreign funds (FDI) of US$10.64 billion have been used in contracts with a realized FDI of US$5.3 billion. Foreign exchanges are increasing continuously. Friendly provincial relationships have been established with 16 states (districts) in the United States Japan Russia France Germany and others. Some cities of Henan have established friendly relationships (sister city) with thirty-two foreign cities. Henan's service sector is rather small and underdeveloped. Finance and commerce is largely concentrated in urban centers such as Zhengzhou and Luoyang where the economy is fueled by a large and relatively affluent consumer base. In order to make the economy more knowledge and technology based the government established a number of development zones all of the major cities promoting industries such as software information technologies new materials bio-pharmaceutical and photo-machinery-electronic industries.6 Henan is a major destination for tourists with places such as Shaolin Temple and Longmen Grottoes attracting millions of tourists each year. Transportation Henan has some of the most advanced transportation system in China due to its flat terrain and its location at the heart of central China's construction boom. The Jingguang and Longhai Railway the nation's two most important railways run through much of the province and intersects at Zhengzhou. Other railway hubs such as Shangqiu Xinxiang and Luohe have also become important centers of trade and manufacturing as a result. A high-speed railway links Zhengzhou with Xi'an. Henan's expressway system is highly developed and the total length is approximately 5000 km higher than any other province in China. The state of air transport is less stellar the only 3 public airports are located in Xinzheng (near Zhengzhou) Luoyang and Nanyang. Culture Most of Henan speaks dialects of the Mandarin group of dialects spoken in northern and southwestern China. Linguists put these dialects into the category of "Zhongyuan Mandarin". The northwestern corner of Henan is an exception where people speak Jin dialects instead. The dialects of Henan are collectively called "the Henan dialect" in popular usage with easily identifiable stereotypical features. Henan opera (Yuju) is the local form of Chinese opera; it is also famous and popular across the rest of China. Henan Quju and Henan Yuediao are also important local opera forms. Henan cuisine is the local cuisine with traditions such as the Luoyang Shuixi (Luoyang "Water Table" consisting entirely of various soups etc.); Xinyang Duncai (Xinyang brewed vegetables) and the traditional cuisine of Kaifeng. Important traditional art and craft products include: Junci a type of porcelain originating in Yuzhou noted for its unpredictable colour patterns; the jade carvings of Zhenping; and Luoyang's Tangsancai ("Tang Three Colours") which are earthenware figurines made in the traditional style of the Tang Dynasty. Tourism Henan is located in the Yellow River valley where ancient people lived. Earlier in the New Stone Age the light of civilization had appeared and the delicate potteries in the Peiligang Culture and Yangshao Culture and the character signs and musical instruments 8000 years ago have filled the present world and the ancient times with wonders. Three of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China are in Henan: Luoyang Kaifeng and Anyang. Henan is one of the provinces that has the most historical relics in the country. There are 16 key national units of protecting historical relics and 267 provincial units of protecting historical relics. The over-ground historical relics are the second in China in number. Historical relics in museums take up one-eighth of those in China and the underground historical relics are the first in China in number. In Henan Museum there are 120000 historical relics including over 40000 rare ones. Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory. Gaocheng Astronomical Observatory the oldest astronomical observatory in China. Annual Peony Show in Luoyang. Mount Jigong on the southern border. Mount Song near Dengfeng one of the Five Sacred Mountains of China. Shaolin Temple on Mount Song. The Longmen Grottoes near Luoyang a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000. Songyue Pagoda Yinxu in Anyang a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Youguo Temple with the Iron Pagoda White Horse Temple in Luoyang Baligou (Eight-mile valley ) in Xinxiang Bigan Temple () in Xinxiang Luwang Mausoleum () in Xinxiang Guan Mountain () in Xinxiang Colleges and universities See also: List of universities and colleges in Henan Public (a partial list) Zhengzhou University ()8 Henan University ()9 Henan Normal University()10 Henan University of Technology ()11 Henan Agricultural University () (founded 1913) Henan Medical University Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine() Henan University of Science and Technology ( Kaifeng University ()12 Xinxiang University ( www.xxu.edu.cn Huanghe Science and Technology University () Nanyang Institute of Technology North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power () Shangqiu Normal University() Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management () Zhengzhou University of Light Industry () Zhongyuan Institute of Technology () Henan Polytechnic ()13 Jiaozuo Institute of Technology Anyang Teacher's College Zhengzhou Grain University Zhengzhou University of Technology Zhengzhou Textile Institute Zhengzhou College of Animal Husbandry Engineering Luo Yang Institute of Technology Pingdingshan Normal College Xinyang Teachers College Xinxiang Medical University Henan Vocational Technical Teacher's College Nanyang Teachers College()14 Notable people Sun Tiantian (b. October 12 1981) tennis player Zhao Ziyang (October 17 1919 January 17 2005) former Premier and CCP Secretary Deng Yaping (b. February 5 1973) four-time Olympic gold medalist. Du Wei (b. February 9 1982) professional football player Ge Xin'ai (b. June 30 1953) Table tennis World Champion (1975 1977 1979) Chen Zhong Olympic gold medalist in Taekwondo Liu Guoliang member of the Chinese ping pong team Su Zhibo the first Chinese gold medalist in the Asian Games Shang Tang the first ruling king of the Shang dynasty Hui Shi (380 BC) philosopher Xu Shen (c.58c.147) editor of the Shuowen Jiezi Ruan Ji (210263) poet Du Fu (712770) considered one of the greatest of Chinese poets Han Yu (768824) one of China's most famous prose writers and poets Li Shangyin (813858) poet Cheng Hao (10321085) and brother Cheng Yi (10331107) Neo-Confucian philosophers Li Tang (c.1080c.1130) painter Yuan Shikai (18591916) second President of the Republic of China Feng Youlan (18951990) philosopher Lao Zi (Lao Tzu: dates uncertain) founder of Daoism Chuang Tzu (b. 369 BC) Daoist philosopher Gao Yaojie medical doctor Mo Zi founder of Mohism Lie Yukou (c. 4th century BC) Daoist philosopher Su Qin Han Fei (c. 280233 BC) Legalist philosopher Chen Sheng (known in some sources as Chen She) and Wu Guang (both d. 209 BC or 208 BC) leaders of the first rebellion against Qin Dynasty Jia Yi a Chinese poet and statesman of the Han Dynasty Zhang Heng an astronomer mathematician inventor geographer artist poet statesman and literary scholar of the Eastern Han Dynasty Feng Yi a general of the Eastern Han Dynasty Zhang Ji (style-named Zhang Zhongjing) (150219) an Eastern Han physician the author of the Shanghan Zabing Lun Xu Shu one of Liu Bei's advisors during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Sima Yi (179251) a general military strategist and politician of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period Xun Yu (styled-named Wenruo) an advisor to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms period Xun You an advisor to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms Period period Deng Ai (264) an officer of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period Fan Zhen (circa 450515) a Chinese philosopher of the Southern Dynasty remembered today for the treatise Shen Mie Lun (On the Annihilation of the Soul) Yue Fei (11031142) a famous Chinese patriot and military general who fought for the Southern Song Dynasty against the Jurchen Miscellaneous topics Professional sports teams in Henan include; Chinese Basketball Association Henan Dragons Chinese Football Association Jia League Henan Jianye Other; Henan has one of the largest Christian populations in China. Notes (Chinese) Origin of the Names of China's Provinces People's Daily Online. Dong Dong The Discourse of HIV/AIDS in China: News Construction and Representation of the Chinese HIV Blood Scandal (1998-2002) Annual Meeting of the International Communication Association New Orleans Sheraton New Orleans May 27 2004. Kellogg Tom. Health officials seek to avoid responsibility for the spread of HIV/AIDS in rural Henan. Human Rights in China. February 23 2003. http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90778/98505/6903538.html GDP of 31 provinces in China released http://baike.baidu.com/view/2874.htm#3 RightSite.asia Zhengzhou Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone Economic profile for Henan at HKTDC External links People's Republic of China portal Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Henan Henan Government website (Chinese) Henan travel guide from Wikitravel v d eProvince-level divisions of the People's Republic of China Provinces Anhui  Fujian  Gansu  Guangdong  Guizhou  Hainan  Hebei  Heilongjiang  Henan  Hubei  Hunan  Jiangsu  Jiangxi  Jilin  Liaoning  Qinghai  Shaanxi  Shandong  Shanxi  Sichuan  Yunnan  Zhejiang Autonomous regions Guangxi  Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol)  Ningxia  Tibet (Xizang)  Xinjiang Municipalities Beijing  Chongqing  Shanghai  Tianjin Special Administrative Regions (not in mainland China) Hong Kong  Macau Territorial disputes Paracel Spratly Zhongsha Islands (see Paracels Spratlys & Zhongsha Iss. Authority)  Pratas Islands  Senkaku Islands  South Tibet  Taiwan Kinmen & Matsu (see Legal status of Taiwan) v d eHenan Province Zhengzhou (Capital) Topics History  Politics  Economy  Music  Language  Cuisine  Administrative divisions Admin. divisions Henan in China Zhengzhou  Zhongyuan District  Erqi District  Guancheng Hui District  Jinshui District  Shangjie District  Huiji District  Xinzheng City  Dengfeng City  Xinmi City  Gongyi City  Xingyang City  Zhongmu County Kaifeng  Gulou District  Longting District  Shunhe Hui District  Yuwangtai District  Jinming District  Qi County  Tongxu County  Weishi County  Kaifeng County  Lankao County Luoyang  Xigong District  Laocheng District  Chanhe Hui District  Jianxi District  Jili District  Luolong District  Yanshi City  Mengjin County  Xin'an County  Luanchuan County  Song County  Ruyang County  Yiyang County  Luoning County  Yichuan County Pingdingshan  Xinhua District  Weidong District  Zhanhe District  Shilong District  Wugang City  Ruzhou City  Baofeng County  Ye County  Lushan County  Jia County Anyang  Beiguan District  Wenfeng District  Yindu District  Long'an District  Linzhou City  Anyang County  Tangyin County  Hua County  Neihuang County Hebi  Qibin District  Shancheng District  Heshan District  Xun County  Qi County Xinxiang  Weibin District  Hongqi District  Fengquan District  Muye District  Weihui City  Huixian City  Xinxiang County  Huojia County  Yuanyang County  Yanjin County  Fengqiu County  Changyuan County Jiaozuo  Jiefang District  Shanyang District  Zhongzhan District  Macun District  Mengzhou City  Qinyang City  Xiuwu County  Bo'ai County  Wuzhi County  Wen County Puyang  Hualong District  Qingfeng County  Nanle County  Fan County  Taiqian County  Puyang County Xuchang  Weidu District  Yuzhou City  Changge City  Xuchang County  Yanling County  Xiangcheng County Luohe  Yuanhui District  Yancheng District  Shaoling District  Wuyang County  Linying County Sanmenxia  Hubin District  Yima City  Lingbao City  Mianchi County  Shan County  Lushi County Nanyang  Wolong District  Wancheng District  Dengzhou City  Nanzhao County  Fangcheng County  Xixia County  Zhenping County  Neixiang County  Xichuan County  Sheqi County  Tanghe County  Xinye County  Tongbai County Shangqiu  Liangyuan District  Suiyang District  Yongcheng City  Yucheng County  Minquan County  Ningling County  Sui County  Xiayi County  Zhecheng County Xinyang  Shihe District  Pingqiao District  Xi County  Huaibin County  Huangchuan County  Guangshan County  Gushi County  Shangcheng County  Luoshan County  Xin County Zhoukou  Chuanhui District  Xiangcheng City  Fugou County  Xihua County  Shangshui County  Taikang County  Luyi County  Dancheng County  Huaiyang County  Shenqiu County Zhumadian  Yicheng District  Queshan County  Biyang County  Suiping County  Xiping County  Shangcai County  Runan County  Pingyu County  Xincai County  Zhengyang County Jiyuan  (no intermediate County-level divisions see Administration of Jiyuan) Prefecture-level city Sub-prefecture-level city