Taipei City (traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Tibi Sh)1 is the capital of the Republic of China (ROC commonly known as "Taiwan") and the central city of the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Situated at the northern tip of the island Taipei is located on the Danshui River and is about 25 km southwest of Keelung its port on the Pacific Ocean. Another coastal city Danshui is about 20 km northwest at the river's mouth on the Taiwan Strait. It lies in the two relatively narrow valleys of the Keelung () and Xindian () rivers which join to form the Danshui River along the city's western border.2 The city proper (Taipei City) is home to an estimated 2618772 people.3 Taipei New Taipei and Keelung together form the Taipei metropolitan area with a population of 6900273.4 However they are administered under different local governing bodies. "Taipei" sometimes refers to the whole metropolitan area while "Taipei City" refers to the city proper. Taipei City proper is surrounded on all sides by New Taipei.

Taipei is the political economic and cultural center of Taiwan. The National Taiwan University is located in Taipei as well as the National Palace Museum which has one of the largest collections of Chinese artifacts and artworks in the world. Considered to be a global city5 Taipei is part of a major industrial area. Railways high speed rail highways airports and bus lines connect Taipei with all parts of the island. The city is served by two airports - Taipei Songshan and Taiwan Taoyuan.

Taipei was founded in the early 18th century and became an important center for overseas trade in the 19th century. The Qing Dynasty in China made Taipei the provincial capital of Taiwan in 1886.6 When the Japanese acquired Taiwan in 1895 after the First Sino-Japanese War they retained Taipei as the capital of the island and also advanced an extensive urban planning in Taipei.7 The Republic of China took over the island in 1945 following Japanese surrender. After losing Mainland China to the Chinese Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War the ruling Kuomintang resettled the ROC government to Taiwan and declared Taipei the provisional capital of the Republic of China in December 1949.89 Contents 1 Romanization 2 Culture 2.1 Tourism 2.1.1 Memorial Halls and Museums 2.1.2 Taipei 101 2.1.3 Performing Arts 2.1.4 Shopping and Recreation 2.1.5 Temples 2.2 Festivals and Events 2.3 Taipei in film 3 Geography 3.1 Climate 3.2 Air quality 4 Administrative divisions 4.1 City planning 5 History 5.1 First Settlements 5.2 Japanese Rule 5.3 Under the Republic of China 6 Economy 7 Government 7.1 Garbage Recycling 8 Transportation 8.1 Metro 8.2 Rail 8.3 Bus 8.4 Airports 9 Demographics 10 Education 10.1 Chinese as a Foreign Language 11 Sports 11.1 Major sporting events 11.2 Professional baseball 11.3 Youth baseball 12 Media 12.1 Television 12.2 Newspapers 13 International relations 13.1 Twin towns Sister cities 13.2 Partner city 13.3 Friendship cities 14 Gallery 15 See also 16 Notes 17 External links Romanization See also: Romanization of Chinese in the Republic of China

The spelling "Taipei" derives from the Wade-Giles romanization T'ai-pei.10 Under the official New Phonetic System (also known as Hanyu Pinyin) romanization system which is used to romanize all street signage in Taipei and the formerly official Tongyong Pinyin system1112 the city's name is romanized as Tibi. However the familiarity of the longstanding "Taipei" spelling led government authorities to retain it as one of several exceptions to the general standard. Culture Tourism See also: List of tourist attractions in Taipei Memorial Halls and Museums See also: National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall and List of museums in Taipei The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall

The National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall is a famous monument that was erected in memory of Chiang Kai-shek former President of the Republic of China.13 The structure stands at the east end of Liberty Square site of the National Concert Hall and National Theater and their adjacent parks as well as the memorial. The landmarks of Liberty Square stand within sight of Taiwan's Presidential Building in Taipei's Zhongzheng District.

The National Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall is a memorial to one of the most recognizable founding fathers of the Republic of China Sun Yat-sen and was completed on May 16 1972.14 From the opening of the hall majority of the exhibits displayed were revolutionary events of the national founding fathers at the end of the Qing Dynasty. However recently its function moved toward a multi-purpose social educational and cultural center for the Taiwanese public. The National Palace Museum houses over 600000 ancient Chinese artifacts.

The National Palace Museum is an art gallery and museum built around a permanent collection centered on ancient Chinese artifacts. It should not be confused with the Palace Museum in Beijing (which it is named after); both institutions trace their origins to the same institution. The collections were divided in the 1940s as a result of the Chinese Civil War.1516 The National Palace Museum in Taipei now boasts a truly international collection while housing one of the world's largest collections of artifacts from ancient China.16

The Taipei Fine Arts Museum was established in 1983. Located in a purpose-built building inspired by Japanese metabolism is was the first museum in Taiwan dedicated to modern art. The artworks in the museum are mostly done by Taiwanese artists. There are more than 3000 artworks in the museum. Most of them are done after 1940 by Taiwanese artist and are organized into 13 groups. In 2001 the first museum dedicated to contemporary art opened as MoCA Taipei or Museum of Contemporary Art Taipei () located in the old building of the Taipei City government.17

The National Taiwan Museum is the oldest museum in Taiwan. It was established as the Taiwan Governor Museum by the colonial government of Japan on October 24 1908 to commemorate the inauguration of the North-South Railway during the Japanese rule in Taiwan.18 The museum had a collection of over 10000 items in its initial stages. In 1915 the new building of the museum in Taipei 228 Peace Memorial Park (formerly known as New Park) was inaugurated and became one of the major public buildings during Japanese rule. Since 1999 it has been renamed to the "National Taiwan Museum".18 Taipei 101 at night Taipei 101 Main article: Taipei 101 Taipei 101 is a 101-floor landmark skyscraper that claimed the title of world's tallest building when it opened in 2004. Taipei 101 is now the world's second tallest building. Designed by C.Y. Lee & Partners and constructed by KTRT Joint Venture Taipei 101 recentlywhen lost the title of the tallest completed skyscraper in the world measuring 449 m (1473 ft) from ground to roof. (The tallest skyscraper is now the Burj Khalifa in Dubai UAE). Built to withstand typhoon winds and earthquake tremors the building incorporates many engineering innovations. Taipei 101 also set new records for ascending elevator speed which has also recently been surpassed by Burj Khalifa. The landmark has won numerous international awards for its innovations. A large mall is located at the base of the tower. Its indoor and outdoor observatories draw visitors from all over the world and its New Year's Eve fireworks display is a regular feature of international broadcasts. Performing Arts The National Theater and Concert Hall stand at Taipei's Liberty Square and host a events by foreign and domestic performers. Other leading concert venues include Zhongshan Hall at Ximen and the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall near Taipei 101. A new cultural landmark the Taipei Performing Arts Center is slated to open in 2013.19 The venue will stand near the Shilin Night Market and will house three theaters for events with multi-week runs. The architectural design was determined in 2009 in an international competition.20 The same design process is also in place for a new Taipei Center for Popular Music and Taipei City Museum.21 Shopping and Recreation Main article: Shopping in Taipei Taipei is known for its many night markets the most famous of which is the Shilin Night Market in the Shilin District. The surrounding streets by Shilin Night Market are extremely crowded during the evening usually opening late afternoon and operating well past midnight. Most night markets feature individual stalls selling a mixture of food clothing and consumer goods. The busy streets of Ximending at night The busy streets of City Centre at night Bellavita Shopping Center and CPC Building at Xinyi Business Area Ximending has been a famous area for shopping and entertainment since the 1930s. Historic structures include a concert hall a historic cinema and the Red House Theater. Modern structures house karaoke businesses art film cinemas wide-release movie cinemas electronic stores and a wide variety of restaurants and fashion clothing stores.22 The pedestrian area is especially popular with teens and has been called the "Harajuku" of Taipei.23 The newly developed Xinyi District is popular with tourists and locals alike for its many entertainment and shopping venues as well as being the home of Taipei 101 a prime tourist attraction famous for being one of the world's tallest buildings. Malls in the area include the sprawling Shin Kong Mitsukoshi complex Taipei 101 mall Eslite Bookstore's flagship store (which includes a boutique mall) The Living Mall New York New York shopping mall and the Vieshow Cinemas (formerly known as Warner Village). The thriving shopping area around Taipei Main Station includes the Taipei Underground Market and the original Shin Kong Mitsukoshi department store at Shin Kong Life Tower. Other popular shopping destinations include the Zhongshan Metro Mall Dihua Street the Guang Hua Digital Plaza and the Core Pacific City. The Miramar Entertainment Park is known for its large ferris wheel and IMAX theater. Taipei maintains an extensive system of parks green spaces and nature preserves. Parks and forestry areas of note in and around the city include Yangmingshan National Park Taipei Zoo and Da-an Forest Park. Yangmingshan National Park (located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the central city) is famous for its cherry blossoms hot springs and sulfur deposits. It is the home of famous writer Lin Yutang the summer residence of Chiang Kai-shek residences of foreign diplomats the Chinese Culture University the meeting place of the now defunct National Assembly of the Republic of China and the Kuomintang Party Archives. The Taipei Zoo was founded in 1914 and covers an area of 165 hectares for animal sanctuary. Bitan is known for boating and water sports. Danshui is a popular sea-side resort town. Ocean beaches are accessible in several directions from Taipei. Temples Longshan Temple is one of the oldest temples in the city. Longshan Temple is one of the oldest temples in the city. Taipei is rich in beautiful ornate temples housing Buddhist Taoist and Chinese folk religion deities. The Longshan Temple built in 1738 and located in the Wanhua District demonstrates an example of architecture with southern Chinese influences commonly seen on older buildings in Taiwan. Xinsheng South Road is known as the "Road to Heaven" due to its high concentration of temples shrines churches and mosques.2425 Other famous temples include Baoan Temple located in historic Dalongdong a national historical site and Xiahai City God Temple located in the old Dadaocheng community constructed with architecture similar to temples in southern Fujian.26 The Taipei Confucius Temple traces its history back to 1879 during the Qing Dynasty and also incorporates souther Fujian-style architecture.27 Besides large temples small outdoor shrines to local deities are very common and can be spotted on road sides parks and neighborhoods. Many homes and businesses may also set up small shrines of candles figurines and offerings. Some restaurants for example may set up a small shrine to the Kitchen god for success in a restaurant business.28 Festivals and Events During the Lantern Festival at the Chiang Kai Shek Memorial Hall Taipei 101 fireworks Many yearly festivals are held in Taipei including the Taipei Lantern Festival when thousands of sky lanterns are released in Pingxi.29 Common locations for festival celebrations include Memorial Square Taipei 101 and the Zhongshan Hall in Ximending. On Double Ten Day celebrations are held in front of the Presidential Building. Other annual festivals include Tomb-Sweeping Day the Dragon Boat Festival the Ghost Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival.29 In recent years some festivals traditionally held in Taipei such as the Double Ten Day fireworks and concerts have increasingly been hosted by other cities in Taiwan. One other huge celebration in Taipei is the one on New Year Eve. Every year thousands of people will gather in front of the Taipei City Hall to celebrate the beginning of a new year. Every time there will be many famous singers who perform on the stage that is set up for the New Year Celebration. The performance usually starts out around eight oclock and continues until midnight. Artists and dancers will perform throughout the night and it is just like a concert. Then thirty minutes before midnight the Taipei governor and some Taipei politicians will come up the stage and count down with the people. Then when the clock reaches midnight there will be firework at Taipei 101 and every year since the firework has last longer than the year before. From November 6 2010 to April 25 2011 Taipei held the garden festival named Taipei International Flora Exposition. It will be the first such internationally recognized exposition to take place in Taiwan and the seventh of its kind to take place in Asia. Flora Exposition visitors hit new 1-day high admissions on February 27 2011 with 110000 people showing. Taipei in film Ang Lee's Eat Drink Man Woman (drama) Edward Yang's Yi Yi: A One and a Two (drama) Edward Yang's Mahjong (drama/comedy) Edward Yang's A Confucian Confusion (drama/comedy) Edward Yang's A Brighter Summer Day (drama) Edward Yang's The Terrorizers (drama) Edward Yang's Taipei Story (drama) Tsai Ming-liang's Rebels of the Neon God (drama) Tsai Ming-liang's Vive L'Amour (drama) Tsai Ming-liang's The River (drama) Tsai Ming-liang's What Time Is It There (drama) Tsai Ming-liang's Goodbye Dragon Inn (drama) Tsai Ming-liang's Face (drama) Hou Hsiao-hsien's Dust in the Wind (drama) Hou Hsiao-hsien's Daughter of the Nile (drama) Hou Hsiao-hsien's Goodbye South Goodbye (drama) Hou Hsiao-hsien's Millennium Mambo (drama) Hou Hsiao-hsien's Three Times (drama) Leon Dai's No Puedo Vivir Sin Ti (drama) Chung Mong-hong's Parking (drama) Chen Yin-jung's Formula 17 (gay/comedy) Zero Chou's Spider Lilies (lesbian/drama) Chen Hung-I's Candy Rain (lesbian/drama) Arvin Chen's Au Revoir Taipei (comedy) Chen Yu-hsun's Tropical Fish (drama/comedy) Te-sheng Wei's Cape No. 7 (drama/comedy) Doze Niu's Monga (drama/action) Hsiao Ya-chuan's Taipei Exchanges (drama/comedy) Lin Cheng-sheng's Betelnut beauty (drama/romance) Chen Kuo-Fu's The Personals (drama/romance) Fen-fen Cheng's Hear Me (drama/romance) Huo Jianqi's Snowfall in Taipei (drama/romance) Hsiao-tse Cheng's Miao Miao (romance/comedy) Sylvia Chang's 20 30 40 (romance/comedy) Hsiao-ming Hsu's Love of May (romance) Yee Chin-yen's Blue Gate Crossing (romance) Jay Chou's Secret (romance) Chen Kuo-Fu's Double Vision (horror/suspense) Chao-Bin Su's Silk (horror/suspense) Jia Zhangke's I Wish I Knew (Documentary) Wong Kar-wai's Happy Together (Hong Kong studio filmed in three cities : Buenos Aires Hong Kong and Taipei) John Woo's A Better Tomorrow (Hong Kong studio filmed in Hong Kong and Taipei) (action) Kirk Wong's Crime Story (Hong Kong studio filmed in Hong Kong Taipei) (action) David Lam's Asian Connection (Hong Kong studio filmed in Hong Kong Taipei) (action) Andrew Lau 's Young and Dangerous 2 (Hong Kong studio filmed on location in Taipei) Turn Left Turn Right (Hong Kong studio filmed on location in Taipei) One Missed Call 2 (Japanese studio filmed in Taipei and Jinguashi) About Love (Japanese studio filmed on three cities in Asia: Taipei Tokyo and Shanghai) Mamoru Oshii's StrayDog: Kerberos Panzer Cops (science fiction/drama) Takashi Miike's Rainy Dog (Japanese studio filmed on location in Taipei) (drama) Takahisa Zeze's Moon Child (Japanese studio filmed in Taipei as the futuristic city of Mallepa) (drama) Robert Wise's The Sand Pebbles (Hollywood studio filmed in Taipei Keelung Danshui and Hong Kong) (drama) Hkon Liu's Miss Kicki (Swedish studio filmed in Taipei Sun Moon Lake) (drama) Monika Treut's Ghosted (German studio filmed in Hamburg Taipei) (drama) Geography The city of Taipei as seen from Maokong. Tracks of all Pacific typhoons between 1980 and 2005. Taipei City is located in the Taipei Basin in northern Taiwan.30 It is bordered by the Xindian River on the south and the Danshui (Tamsui) River on the west. The generally low-lying terrain of the central areas on the western side of the municipality slopes upward to the south and east and especially to the north2 where it reaches 1120 metres (3675 ft) at Cising Mountain () the highest (extinct) volcano in Taiwan in Yangmingshan National Park. The northern districts of Shilin and Beitou extend north of the Keelung River and are bordered by Yangmingshan National Park. The Taipei city limits cover an area ranked sixteenth of twenty-five among all counties and cities in Taiwan. Two peaks Cising Mountain and Mt. Datun rise to the northeast of the city.31 Cising Mountain is located on the Tatun Volcano Group and the tallest mountain at the rim of the Taipei Basin with its main peak at 1120 metres (3670 ft). Mt. Datun's main peak is 1092 metres (3583 ft). These former volcanoes make up the western section of Yangmingshan National Park extending from Mt. Datun northward to Mt. Caigongkeng (). Located on a broad saddle between two mountains the area also contains the marshy Datun Pond. To the southeast of the city lie the Songshan Hills and the Qingshui Ravine which form a barrier of lush woods.31 Climate Taipei has a four-season monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa). Summers are very hot humid and accompanied by occasional heavy rainstorms and typhoonswhile winters are short and mild.32 Due to Taiwan's location in the Pacific Ocean it is affected by the Pacific typhoon season which occurs between June and October. Climate data for Taipei (19812010) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high C (F) 19.1 (66.4) 19.6 (67.3) 22.1 (71.8) 25.7 (78.3) 29.2 (84.6) 32.0 (89.6) 34.3 (93.7) 33.8 (92.8) 31.1 (88) 27.5 (81.5) 24.2 (75.6) 20.7 (69.3) 26.6 (79.9) Daily mean C (F) 16.1 (61) 16.5 (61.7) 18.5 (65.3) 21.9 (71.4) 25.2 (77.4) 27.7 (81.9) 29.6 (85.3) 29.2 (84.6) 27.4 (81.3) 24.5 (76.1) 21.5 (70.7) 17.9 (64.2) 23.0 (73.4) Average low C (F) 13.9 (57) 14.2 (57.6) 15.8 (60.4) 19.0 (66.2) 22.3 (72.1) 24.6 (76.3) 26.3 (79.3) 26.1 (79) 24.8 (76.6) 22.3 (72.1) 19.3 (66.7) 15.6 (60.1) 20.4 (68.7) Rainfall mm (inches) 83.2 (3.276) 170.3 (6.705) 180.4 (7.102) 177.8 (7) 234.5 (9.232) 325.9 (12.831) 245.1 (9.65) 322.1 (12.681) 360.5 (14.193) 148.9 (5.862) 83.1 (3.272) 73.3 (2.886) 2405.1 (94.689) % Humidity 78.5 80.6 79.5 77.8 76.6 77.3 73.0 74.1 75.8 75.3 75.4 75.4 76.6 Avg. rainy days ( 0.1 mm) 14.1 14.6 15.5 14.9 14.8 15.5 12.3 14.0 13.8 11.9 12.4 11.7 165.5 Sunshine hours 80.6 71.3 89.6 92.6 113.7 121.7 179.0 188.9 153.7 124.0 99.4 90.7 1405.2 Source: 33 Air quality Motor vehicle engine exhaust particularly from motor scooters is a source of air pollution in Taipei. The levels of fine particulate matter including PAHs are consistently more serious in the mornings as there is less air movement; sunlight helps clear up some pollutants which tend to be trapped close to the ground.34 When compared to other Asian cities however Taipei has "excellent" capabilities for managing air quality in the city.35 Occasionally dust storms from Mainland China can temporarily bring poor air quality to the city.36 Administrative divisions Taipei City is divided up into 12 administrative districts ( qu).37 Each district is further divided up into villages () which are further sub-divided up into neighborhoods (). District Population Area Postal code Hanyu Pinyin Wade-Giles as of 2009 km Bitu Pei-t'ou 249319 56.8216 112 Shln Shih-lin 285459 62.3682 111 Dtng Ta-t'ung 124466 5.6815 103 Zhngshn Chung-shan 218551 13.6821 104 Sngshn Sung-shan 209903 9.2878 105 Nih Nei-hu 267120 31.5787 114 Wnhu Wan-hua 190050 8.8522 108 Zhngzhng Chung-cheng 159464 7.6071 100 D'n Ta-an 313371 11.3614 106 Xny Hsin-yi 227232 11.2077 110 Nngng Nan-kang 113462 21.8424 115 Wnshn Wen-shan 261523 31.5090 116 City planning The city is characterized by straight roads and public buildings of grand Western architectural styles.38 The city is built on a square grid configuration however these blocks are huge by international standards (500 m (1640.42 ft) sides). However there is little uniformed planning within these blocks; therefore lanes (perpendicular to streets) and alleys (parallel with street or conceptually perpendicular to the lane) spill out from the main throughways. These minor roads are not always perpendicular and sometimes cut through the block diagonally. Although development began in the western districts of the city from trade the eastern districts of the city have become the downtown. Many of the western districts already in decline have become targets of new urban renewal projects.38 History Diagram of Old Taipei revealing the original city wall and gates. Important buildings are highlighted. Main article: History of Taipei First Settlements The region known as the Taipei Basin was home to Ketagalan tribes before the eighteenth century.39 Han Chinese mainly from Fujian Province of China began to settle in the Taipei Basin in 1709.4041 In the late 19th century the Taipei area where the major Han Chinese settlements in northern Taiwan and one of the designated overseas trade ports Tamsui were located gained economic importance due to the booming overseas trade especially that of tea exportation. In 1875 the northern part of Taiwan was separated from Taiwan Prefecture (Chinese: ) and incorporated into the new Taipei Prefecture as a new administrative entity of the Chinese government (Qing Dynasty).7 Having been established adjoining the flourishing townships of Bangkah Dalongdong and Twatutia the new prefectural capital was known as Chengnei (Chinese: ) "the inner city" and government buildings were erected there. From 1875 (during the Qing Dynasty) until the beginning of Japanese rule in 1895 Taipei was part of Danshui County of the Taipei Prefecture and the prefectural capital. In 1886 when Taiwan was proclaimed a province of China Taipei city was made the provincial capital. Taipei remained a temporary provincial capital before it officially became the capital of Taiwan in 1894. All that remains from the old Qing Dynasty city is the north gate. The west gate and city walls were demolished by the Japanese while the south gate little south gate and east gate were extensively modified by the Kuomintang (KMT) and have lost much of their original character. Japanese Rule As settlement for losing the First Sino-Japanese War China ceded the island of Taiwan to the Empire of Japan in 189541 as part of the Treaty of Shimonoseki. After the Japanese take-over Taipei called Taihoku in Japanese was retained as the capital and emerged as the political center of the Japanese Colonial Government.7 During that time the city acquired the characteristics of an administrative center including many new public buildings and housing for civil servants. Much of the architecture of Taipei dates from the period of Japanese rule including the Presidential Building which was the Office of the Taiwan Governor-General. During Japanese rule Taihoku was incorporated in 1920 as part of Taihoku Prefecture (). It included Bangka Dadaocheng and Chengnei among other small settlements. The eastern village Matsuyama () was annexed into Taihoku City in 1938. Upon the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War and its consequent surrender in August 1945 the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) assumed control of Taiwan. Subsequently a temporary Office of the Taiwan Province Administrative Governor was established in Taipei City.42 Under the Republic of China On December 7 1949 the KMT government under Chiang Kai-shek after being forced to flee mainland China by the Communists at the Chinese Civil War declared Taipei as the provisional capital of the Republic of China with the official capital at Nanjing (Nanking).89 Taipei expanded greatly in the decades after 1949 and as approved on December 30 1966 by the Executive Yuan Taipei was declared a special centrally administered municipality on July 1 1967 and given the administrative status of a province.41 In the following year Taipei City expanded again by annexing Shilin Beitou Neihu Nangang Jingmei and Muzha. At that time the city's total area increased fourfold through absorbing several outlying towns and villages and the population increased to 1.56 million people.41 The city's population which had reached one million in the early 1960s also expanded rapidly after 1967 exceeding two million by the mid-1970s. Although growth within the city itself gradually slowed thereafter42 its population had become relatively stable by the mid-1990s Taipei remained one of the world's most densely populated urban areas and the population continued to increase in the region surrounding the city notably along the corridor between Taipei and Keelung. In 1990 the then 16 districts in Taipei City were consolidated into the current 12 districts.43 Economy See also: Economy of Taiwan As the capital of the Republic of China Taipei has been at the center of rapid economic development in the country and has now become one of the global cities in the production of high technology and its components.44 This is part of the so-called Taiwan Miracle which has seen dramatic growth in the city following foreign direct investment in the 1960s. Taiwan is now a creditor economy holding one of the world's largest foreign exchange reserves of over US$352 billion as of February 2010.45 Despite the Asian financial crisis the economy continues to expand at about 5% per year with virtually full employment and low inflation. As of 2007update the nominal GDP of the core city of Taipei has accrued to an amount of nearly US$160 billion while the metro region of Taipei has a GDP (nominal) of around US$260 billion a record that would rank it 13th among world cities by GDP. The GDP per capita of Taipei is US$48400 and the second highest in Asia behind Tokyo which has a GDP per capita of US$65453.46 If outskirts neighboring cities and townships are taken into account the GDP per capita would fall to US$25000.46 Taipei and its environs have long been the foremost industrial area of Taiwan consisting of industries of the secondary and tertiary sectors.32 Most of the country's important factories producing textiles and apparel are located there; other industries include the manufacture of electronic products and components electrical machinery and equipment printed materials precision equipment and foods and beverages. Such companies include Shihlin Electric CipherLab and Insyde Software. Shipbuilding including yachts and other pleasure craft is done in the port of Keelung northeast of the city. Services including those related to commerce transportation and banking have become increasingly important. Tourism is a small but significant component of the local economy4748 with international visitors totaling almost 3 million in 2008.49 Taipei has many top tourist attractions and contributes a significant amount to the US$6.8 billion tourism industry in Taiwan.50 National brands such as ASUS51 Chunghwa Telecom52 Mandarin Airlines53 Tatung54 and Uni Air5556 D-Link 57 are headquartered in Taipei City. Government See also: Politics of the Republic of China Taipei City Hall Taipei City is administered as a special municipality directly under the Executive Yuan while Keelung City is administered as part of Taiwan Province. The mayor of Taipei City had been an appointed position since Taipei's conversion to a centrally administered municipality in 1967 until the first public election was held in 1994.58 The position has a four-year term and is elected by direct popular vote. The first elected mayor was Chen Shui-bian of the Democratic Progressive Party. Ma Ying-jeou took office in 1998 for two terms before handing it over to Hau Lung-pin who won the 2006 mayoral election on December 9 2006.59 Both Chen Shui-bian and Ma Ying-Jeou went on to become President of the Republic of China. Based on the outcomes of previous elections in the past decade the vote of the overall constituency of Taipei City shows a slight inclination towards the pro-KMT camp (the Pan-Blue Coalition);60 however the pro-DPP camp (the Pan-Green Coalition) also has considerable support.61 Ketagalan Boulevard where the Republic of China's Presidential Office Building and other government structures are situated is often the site of mass gatherings such as inauguration and national holiday parades receptions for visiting dignitaries political demonstrations6263 and public festivals.64 Garbage Recycling Taipei City is also famous for its effort in garbage recycling which has become such a good international precedent that other countries have sent teams to study the recycling system. After the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) established a program in 1998 combining the efforts of communities a financial resource named the Recycling Fund was made available to recycling companies and waste collectors. Manufacturers vendors and importers of recyclable waste pay fees to the Fund which uses the money to set firm prices for recyclables and subsidize local recycling efforts. Until 2008 the recycling rate has increased from 6 percent to 32 percent.65 This improvement enabled the government of Taipei to demonstrate its recycling system to the world at the Shanghai World Expo 2010. Transportation Platform of Taipei City Hall Station on the Taipei Metro system. Public transport accounts for a substantial portion of different modes of transport in Taiwan with Taipei residents having the highest utilization rate at 34.1%.66 Private transport consists of motor scooters private cars and bicycles. Motor-scooters often weave between cars and occasionally through oncoming traffic. Respect for traffic laws once scant has improved with deployment of traffic cameras and increasing numbers of police roadblocks checking riders for alcohol consumption and other offenses. Taipei Station serves as the comprehensive hub for the subway bus conventional rail and high speed rail. A contactless smartcard known as EasyCard can be used for all modes of public transit and contain credits that are deducted each time a ride is taken.67 The EasyCard is read via proximity sensory panels on buses and in MRT stations and it does not need to be removed from one's wallet or purse. Metro Main article: Taipei Metro Taipei's public transport system the Taipei Metro (commonly referred to as the MRT) incorporates a metro and light rail system based on advanced VAL and Bombardier technology. In addition to the rapid transit system itself the Taipei Metro also includes several public facilities such as the Maokong Gondola underground shopping malls parks and public squares. Modifications to existing railway lines to integrate them into the metro system are underway as well as a rapid transit line to connect the city with Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport and Taoyuan County. Overview of Taipei Railway Station Rail Main articles: Taiwan High Speed Rail and Taiwan Railway Administration Beginning in 1983 surface rail lines in the city were moved underground as part of the Taipei Railway Underground Project.68 The Taiwan High Speed Rail system opened in 2007. The bullet trains connect Taipei with the west coast cities of Banciao Taoyuan Hsinchu Taichung Chiayi and Tainan before terminating at Zuoying (Kaohsiung) at speeds that cut travel times by 60% or more from what they normally are on a bus or conventional train.69 The Taiwan Railway Administration also runs passenger and freight services throughout the entire island. Bus Main article: Taipei bus An extensive city bus system serves metropolitan areas not covered by the metro with exclusive bus lanes to facilitate transportation.32 Riders of the city metro system are able to the EasyCard for discounted fares on buses and vice versa. Several major bus terminals are located throughout the city including the Taipei Bus Station and Taipei City Hall Bus Station.70 Taipei Songshan Airport Airports Main articles: Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport and Taipei Songshan Airport Most scheduled international flights are served by Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport in nearby Taoyuan County. Songshan Airport at the heart of the city in the Songshan District serves mostly domestic flights with the exception of some cross-strait and a scheduled flight to Tokyo International Airport(also known as Haneda Airport). Now Songshan Airport is accessible by the Taipei Metro Neihu Line; Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport is not yet accessible by rail but a line is under construction. Both airports are linked to the city by highways. Demographics Taipei City is home to 2607428 people while the metropolitan area has a population of 6776264 people.3 The population of the city proper has been decreasing in recent years while the population of the adjacent New Taipei has been increasing.37172 Due to Taipei's geography and location in the Taipei Basin as well as differing times of economic development of its districts Taipei's population is not evenly distributed. The districts of Daan Songshan and Datong are the most densely populated.71 In 2008 the crude birth rate stood at 7.88% while the mortality rate stood was at 5.94%. A decreasing and rapidly aging population is an important issue for the city.71 By the end of 2009 one in ten people in Taipei was over 65 years of age.73 Residents who had obtained a college education or higher accounted for 43.48% of the population and the literacy rate stood at 99.18%.71 Like the rest of Taiwan Taipei is composed of four major ethnic groups: Hoklos Mainlanders Hakkas and aborigines.71 Although Hoklos and Mainlanders form the majority of the population of the city in recent decades many Hakkas have moved into the city. The aboriginal population in the city stands at 12862 (<0.5%) concentrated mostly in the suburban districts. Foreigners (mainly from Indonesia Vietnam and the Philippines) numbered 52426 at the end of 2008.71 Education West Site of National Taiwan University Hospital 20 universities have campuses located in Taipei: National Taiwan University (1928) National Chengchi University (1927) National Taipei University National Taipei University of Education National Taiwan University of Science and Technology National Taipei University of Technology National Taiwan Normal University (1946) National Yang Ming University Taipei National University of the Arts Taipei Municipal University of Education Tamkang University Fu Jen University Soochow University Chinese Culture University Ming Chuan University Shih Hsin University Shih Chien University Taipei Medical University Tatung University China University of Technology National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) is Taiwan's oldest university. Originally established in Shanghai in 1896 the University was moved to Taiwan by former Chiao Tung University faculty and alumni in 1958. It is a public university with campuses in both Taipei and Hsinchu. National Taiwan University (NTU) was established in 1928 during the period of Japanese colonial rule. NTU has produced many political and social leaders in Taiwan. Both pan-blue and pan-green movements in Taiwan are rooted on the NTU campus. The university has six campuses in the greater Taipei region (including New Taipei) and two additional campuses in Nantou County. The University governs farms forests and hospitals for educational and research purposes. The main campus is in Taipei's Da-An district where most department buildings and all the administrative buildings are located. The College of Law and the College of Medicine are located near the Presidential Building. The National Taiwan University Hospital is a leading international center of medical research.74 National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU or Shida) likewise traces its origins to the Japanese colonial period. Originally a teacher training institution NTNU has developed into a comprehensive international university with demanding entrance requirements. The university boasts especially strong programs in the humanities and international education. Worldwide it is perhaps best known as home of the Mandarin Training Center a program that offers Mandarin language training each year to over a thousand students from dozens of countries throughout the world. The main campus in Taipei's Gutting district is known for its historic architecture and giving its name to the Shida Night Market one of the most popular among the numerous night markets in Taipei. Chinese as a Foreign Language International Chinese Language Program (ICLP) () of National Taiwan University Mandarin Training Center (MTC) () of National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Language Institute () Sports The former Taipei Municipal Baseball Stadium Due to Taiwan being under American and Japanese influence over the years the sports of baseball in particular and basketball have become popular in the city. Taipei like the rest of the country has featured most prominently in baseball and has often been the venue for the Asian Baseball Championship since the 1960s. Major sporting events Below is a list of recent sporting events hosted by the city: 2001 Asian Baseball Championship 2001 Baseball World Cup 2001 AFC Women's Championship 2004 FIFA Futsal World Championship 2007 Baseball World Cup 2009 Summer Deaflympics Taipei Arena The Taipei Arena is located in the city home to baseball with a capacity of over 15000. It is located at the site of the former Taipei Municipal Baseball Stadium (demolished in 2000). Designed by Archasia the arena was opened on December 1 2005. Since opening in 2005 the arena has held more art and cultural activities (such as live concerts) than sporting events which it was originally designed and built for. The main arena has an adjustable floor space: its minimum floor space is 60  30 m (196.85 ft  98.43 ft) and can be extended to 80  40 m (262.47 ft  131.23 ft). The Chinese Taipei Ice Hockey League (CIHL) plays out of the auxiliary arena which is a 60  30 m (196.85 ft  98.43 ft) ice skating rink. Taipei has the only football-specific stadium in Taiwan Zhongshan Soccer Stadium which hosts the national football team. It hosts qualifiers for the FIFA World and AFC regional cups and finals of school football tournaments. Since there are no professional football leagues in Taiwan no other sporting events are held there. Professional baseball The Brother Elephants baseball team competes in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). Its home games are played in Sinjhuang Baseball Stadium. Youth baseball In 2010 a Taipei baseball team Chung-Ching Junior Little League won the Junior League World Series after winning the Asia-Pacific Region then defeating the Mexico Region and Latin America Region champions to become the International champion and finally defeating the U.S. champion (Southwest Region) Rose Capital East LL (Tyler Texas) 9-1. Media TVBS-G produces programs mainly from their Nangang building in Taipei City. As the capital Taipei City is the headquarters for many television and radio stations in Taiwan and the center of some of the country's largest newspapers. Television Television stations centred in Taipei include the CTS Education and Culture CTS Recreation CTV MyLife CTV News Channel China Television Chinese Television System Chung T'ien Television Dimo TV Eastern Television Era Television FTV News Follow Me TV Formosa TV Gala Television Public Television Service SET Metro SET News SET Taiwan Sanlih E-Television Shuang Xing TTV Family TTV Finance TTV World TVBS TVBS-G TVBS-NEWS Taiwan Broadcasting System Videoland Television Network and Taiwan Television. Newspapers Newspapers include Apple Daily Central Daily News The China Post China Times Kinmen Daily News Liberty Times Mandarin Daily News Matsu Daily Min Sheng Bao Sharp Daily Taipei Times Taiwan Daily Taiwan News Taiwan Times and United Daily News. International relations Main article: List of sister cities of Taipei Twin towns Sister cities Taipei is twinned with:7576 Houston Texas United States (1961) Lom Togo (1966) Manila Philippines (1966) Cotonou Benin (1967) Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam (1968) Quezon City Philippines (1968) Seoul South Korea (1968) San Francisco California United States (1970) Santo Domingo Dominican Republic (1970) Guam United States (1973) Cleveland Ohio United States (1975) Tegucigalpa Honduras (1975) Indianapolis Indiana United States (1978) Jeddah Saudi Arabia (1978) Marshall Texas United States (1978) Atlanta Georgia United States (1979) Los Angeles California United States (1979) Phoenix Arizona United States (1979) Oklahoma City Oklahoma United States (1981) Gold Coast Queensland Australia (1982) Johannesburg South Africa (1982) Pretoria South Africa (1983) Lilongwe Malawi (1984) San Jos Costa Rica (1984) Versailles France (1986) Asuncin Paraguay (1987) Panama City Panama (1989) Managua Nicaragua (1992) San Salvador El Salvador (1993) Warsaw Poland (1995)77 Ulan-Ude Russia (1996) Banjul Gambia (1997) Bissau Guinea-Bissau (1997) Boston Massachusetts United States (1997) Dakar Senegal (1997) Dallas Texas United States (1997) La Paz Bolivia (1997) Mbabane Swaziland (1997) San Nicols Mexico (1997) Ulan Bator Mongolia (1997) Guatemala City Guatemala (1998) Majuro Marshall Islands (1998) Monrovia Liberia (1998) Vilnius Lithuania (1998) Riga Latvia (2001)78 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso (2008) Daegu South Korea (2010) Partner city Anchorage Alaska United States (1997)76 Friendship cities Perth Western Australia Australia (1999)76 Orange County California United States (2000)76 Gallery Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall Taipei from Maokong the main entrance of Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall Taipei 101 Presidential Office from Ketagalan Boulevard Grand Hotel Grand Hotel Taipei Dazhi Bridge Dadaocheng Wharf Taipei Bao-an Temple Zhinan Temple A typhoon makes landfall in Taipei Zhishan Garden at the National Palace Museum Ximending at Night See also Taiwan portal This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Chinese characters. List of districts of Taipei by area List of districts of Taipei by population List of districts of Taipei by population density List of most expensive cities for expatriate employees (#61 in the world) List of schools in Taipei Notes Pronounced /tape/ in English tipi in Mandarin. a b "Taipei City Government: Home - I. Geographic Overview". Taipei City Government. 2006-10-23. http://english.taipei.gov.tw/TCG/index.jspcategid36&recordid9152. Retrieved 2009-08-04. dead link a b c "". Taiwan Ministry of Interior. 2009-12. http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/m1-07.xls. Retrieved 2010-07-11.  "Methods and Term Definitions". Directorate General of Budget Accounting and Statistics. http://eng.stat.gov.tw/ct.aspxItem4597&ctNode1627. Retrieved 2009-08-04.  "The World According to GaWC 2008". http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html. Retrieved 2010-01-25.  "Taipei (Taiwan) :: History - Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Britannica.com. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/580809/Taipei/231554/History. Retrieved 2010-07-04.  a b c Marsh Robert (1996). The Great Transformation. M. E. Sharpe. p. 84. ISBN 1563247887. http://books.google.com/booksid2p15NToHH2oC&pgPA85. Retrieved 2009-07-27.  a b Ng Franklin (1998). The Taiwanese Americans. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 10. ISBN 0313297622. http://books.google.com/booksidlPzsBwJQW0C&pgPA10. Retrieved 2009-07-27.  a b "Taiwan Timeline - Retreat to Taiwan". BBC News. 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/indepth/asiapacific/2000/taiwanelections2000/19491955.stm. Retrieved 2009-07-13.  Although Taipei has never been officially declared the official capital it has now become common to refer to it as such. 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ISBN 1741045487. http://books.google.com/booksidyKUQE-xdQhsC&pgPA46. Retrieved 2009-07-27.  a b c d "History of Taipei". Taipei City Government. http://english.taipei.gov.tw/TCG/index.jsprecordid108. Retrieved 2009-08-11. dead link a b Marsh Robert (1996). The Great Transformation. M. E. Sharpe. p. 85. ISBN 1563247887. http://books.google.com/booksid2p15NToHH2oC&pgPA85. Retrieved 2009-07-27.  Republic of China Yearbook. Kwang Hwa Publishing Co.. 2002. p. 120. ISBN 9579227357.  Kwok R. Yin-Wang (2005). Globalizing Taipei: the political economy of spatial development. Routledge. p. 163. ISBN 041535451X. http://books.google.com/booksidwovltKk7JUkC&pgRA1-PA1636. Retrieved 2010-01-26.  "National Statistics Republic of China -- Latest Indicators". Directorate General of Budget Accounting and Statistics. http://eng.stat.gov.tw/point.aspindex5. Retrieved 2010-03-15.  a b "Taipei City Has Second-highest Per Capita GDP in Asia: TIER". 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Retrieved 2007-02-24.  "Miasta partnerskie Warszawy". um.warszawa.pl. Biuro Promocji Miasta. 2005-05-04. http://um.warszawa.pl/vsyrenka/new/index.phpdzialaktualnosci&akid3284&kat11. Retrieved 2008-08-29.  "Twin cities of Riga". Riga City Council. http://www.riga.lv/EN/Channels/RigaMunicipality/TwincitiesofRiga/default.htm. Retrieved 2009-07-27.  External links Find more about Taipei on Wikipedia's sister projects: Definitions from Wiktionary Images and media from Commons Learning resources from Wikiversity News stories from Wikinews Quotations from Wikiquote Source texts from Wikisource Textbooks from Wikibooks Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Taipei Taipei travel guide from Wikitravel Taipei City Government official website Taipeipedia - a city wiki for foreigners Taipei Travel Net Taipei Night View Taipei Atis Web Taipei e-services Discovery Taipei Healthy Taipei City List of Sister Cities from the official site Taipei City Council Taipei City at the Open Directory Project National Theater and Concert Hall Taipei Expat featuring directory and expat social network Taipei City Go Preceded by Nanjing Capital of the Republic of China 1949present Succeeded by present capital v d eMetropolitan areas in Taiwan TaipeiKeelung metro area  Kaohsiung metro area  TaichungChanghua metro area  TaoyuanZhongli metro area  Tainan metro area  Hsinchu metro area  Chiayi metro area v d e Administrative divisions of the Republic of China (Otherwise known as Taiwan). Special municipalities Kaohsiung  New Taipei  Taichung  Tainan  Taipei Taiwan Province Cities Chiayi  Hsinchu  Keelung Counties Changhua  Chiayi  Hsinchu  Hualien  Miaoli  Nantou  Penghu  Pingtung  Taitung  Taoyuan  Yilan  Yunlin Fujian Province Counties Kinmen  Lienchiang See also: Free Area of the Republic of China. v d e Districts of Taipei City seat: Xinyi Northern Beitou  Shilin Eastern Nangang  Neihu  Songshan  Xinyi Western Da'an  Datong  Wanhua  Zhongshan  Zhongzheng Southern Wenshan v d eCapitals of Asia West and Southwest Asia Central Asia East Asia Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates (UAE) Amman Jordan Ankara Turkey 8 Baghdad Iraq Baku Azerbaijan 8 Beirut Lebanon Damascus Syria Doha Qatar Episkopi Akrotiri and Dhekelia 7 Jerusalem proclaimed for both Israel and Palestine 6 7 Kabul Afghanistan 1 Kuwait City Kuwait Manama Bahrain Muscat Oman Nicosia Cyprus 7 Ramallah Palestine Temporary Riyadh Saudi Arabia Sana'a Yemen Tbilisi Georgia 8 Tehran Iran Tel Aviv Israel Yerevan Armenia 7 Ashgabat Turkmenistan Astana Kazakhstan 8 Bishkek Kyrgyzstan Dushanbe Tajikistan Tashkent Uzbekistan  South Asia Dhaka Bangladesh Islamabad Pakistan Kathmandu Nepal Kotte Colombo Sri Lanka 3 Mal Maldives New Delhi India Thimphu Bhutan Beijing People's Republic of China (PRC) Pyongyang North Korea Seoul South Korea Tokyo Japan Ulan Bator Mongolia 1  Southeast Asia Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Bangkok Thailand Dili East Timor Hanoi Vietnam Jakarta Indonesia Kuala Lumpur 4 and Putrajaya5 Malaysia Manila Philippines Naypyidaw Burma Phnom Penh Cambodia Port Moresby Papua New Guinea 9 Singapore Singapore Taipei Republic of China (ROC) 2 Vientiane Laos 1 Often considered part of Central Asia  2 Commonly known as Taiwan  3 Full name is Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte  4 Formal   5 Administrative  6 See Positions on Jerusalem for details on Jerusalem's status  7 Entirely in Southwest Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe  8 Transcontinental country  9 Entirely in Melanesia but having socio-political connections with Southeast Asia v d eWorld's fifty most-populous urban areas Tokyo Yokohama Delhi Seoul Incheon Jakarta Manila Mumbai New York So Paulo Mexico City Shanghai Cairo Osaka Kobe Kyoto Kolkata Shenzhen Los Angeles Beijing Moscow Karachi Istanbul Buenos Aires Dongguan Rio de Janeiro Guangzhou Foshan Dhaka Lagos Paris Nagoya Chicago Kinshasa Lima Bogot London Taipei Ho Chi Minh City Chennai Johannesburg East Rand Bangalore Lahore Tehran Ruhr Area  (EssenDsseldorf) Bangkok Hong Kong Hyderabad Tianjin Chonqing Bandung Baghdad Santiago Kuala Lumpur Toronto Hamilton